What Is The Nature Of Happiness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

What Is The Nature Of Happiness - Essay modelingOne cleverness ask if happiness is a raise of mind or an illusion that the feeling of a someone would entice the mind of being happy. Different branches of philosophy and religions have their own interpretation and beliefs towards the nature of happiness. Also, there has not been a definite formula for each and every person to get a state in which both mind and body would be in a state of happiness. One should also face the fact that no matter how powerful the mind of a person is it is not enough and would never ever is enough to change the events that are happening around him that might stimulate the happy emotion he would feel at a certain point.Most of the historied Greek teachers and philosophers were the students of Socrates. As a teacher, there have been countless of ideas that Socrates might have given his students that gave the resign generation a very colorful Greek philosophy. One of these ideas might be the nature of happiness. scantily Socrates did not tackle much about this. In some of the published works of Socrates, he barely touched on this thought. When analyzed, Socrates just laid out the principles of what is right and what is wrong(p) and the possible consequences of such actions. These consequences would think of that when the right thing is done, it will constitute to the person and to other persons happiness. While doing something wrong might result to the self and to others sorrow. This thought however brought his students something to ponder on and expound. whence one can seek into the works of Plato towards the nature of happiness. (Gmez-Lobo, 1994 Haybron, 2011)As a student of Socrates, Plato seemed to have found his thoughts foundation with the works of his teacher. This gave the birth to happiness being based on justice. here is the beginning of a society that most countries still pattern their form of government, the

U07d1, u07d2, & u07d3 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

U07d1, u07d2, & u07d3 - Coursework ExampleAt that point, vitiate impart be a reasonably habitable world for a few billion age longer. As the sun grows always hotter and its diameter begins to expand, Mars pass on enjoy ever more abundant solar energy resources, as well as milder surface temperatures. Of course, with its puny atmosphere and total absence of any planetary magnetosphere, it allow for offer little protection against the eruptions of radiotherapy from the increasingly bloated solar corona, but underground habitats on Mars should be quite sustainable for a very long time. About 4 billion years from now, the lie will become a full- winded red giant, with a diameter large luxuriant to swallow the Earth. At that point, there might be some viable space colonies maintainable in the asteroid belt. The Sun will be blowing off huge clouds of its outer atmosphere and the attendant radiation will make it rather a toxic environment for life the vast amounts of electrically c harged plasma flowing outward from the sun, and the contorted magnetic fields accompanying it, would also make things catchy for any unshielded electronic devices. Also, the massive outflows and increased radiation output from the Sun are apparent to destabilize the Kuiper belt, and send lots of new comets zooming through the interior(a) solar system, and smashing up the inner planets (Mars included). But of course, eventually the solar system will have to be abandoned altogether originally the Sun finally goes nova and shrinks down into a white dwarf. With no nearby planets left (all swallowed by the Sun during its red giant stage), the remains of the solar system will become frigid and pretty oft uninhabitable. Hence we can say that the migration of life away from the Sun will be gradual. Suns activity will squeeze life out toward the outer planets and from there onward toward nearby solarsystems. 2. Unknowingly, we plow the dust of stars, blown about us by the wind, and drin k the universe in a glass of rain. Ihab Hassan, Egyptian theorist. What does this retell mean to you? How is it, or can it be, related to astronomy, and to what you are learning? To me there is no greater enigma than the fact that we inhabit a universe so incomprehensibly vast, yet so devoid of obvious signs of natural life. There is something so haunting about this immense emptiness it is as if we have lit a candle in the dark, only to discover that what we thought was a cozy hut built undecomposed for us is really a yawning, alien cathedral without worshippers, architects or gods. Galaxies swarm around us alike(p) fireflies in every direction, containing billions of trillions of suns, untold quadrillions of worlds across billions of years in time. While the cosmic shock riddle has been tackled by many other serious thinkers since those early visionaries of the post-Hubble age, it remains essentially unsolved. Perhaps it will strike a mystic some modern Buddha or Mohammed , meditating in a metaphorical cave, contemplating the mysteries of the universe revealed by science to arrive at some new set of revelations for our cosmic age. That may sound like dangerous nonsense to some, but stranger things have happened before. Scientist-mystics like Sagan and Clarke have come as faithful as anyone to make us feel at home in this strange Cosmos, but the dandy Silence still looms. Perhaps if there iscontact and childhoods endthere will be a resolution to this crisis until then we are left speculating, wondering and groping for

Management information system (IT) case studies assignment Essay

Management information system (IT) case studies assignment - quiz ExampleThey have a competitive edge because the web based program accurately predicts consumer buy pattern and accordingly, the company can facilitate the changes in its products and services, to meet the changing demands of its customers.Harrahs approach to find and rewarding customer loyalty has significantly increased the number of committed customers and applyed context for targeted trade for customers with similar profiles.CDW and Harrah can considerably increase the number of products and services by efficiently analyzing customer acquire behaviour and also introduce interactive and custom based products and services,at little extra cost.The purpose and fear value of Web services is to provide a large platform for its users to improve their e-commerce activities and generate spacious revenue. The programmable website of Amazon has given its customers a readymade website of their own which can be customiz ed as per their requirements.The benefits of Web services to Amazon, eBay, and their developer partners ar extensive in the form of exposure to a whole new world of creative output, whose scope is unlimited with ever increasing customer base.The business benefits to Amazon and eBay of opening up some of their databases to developers and entrepreneurs be extensive in scope and revenue because each new developer brings many more new surfers in its ambit, each of which translates into revenue for Amazon and eBay.Google has been hesitant in opening its database to its users mainly because it thought that it may retire control over its core operations and gradual opening of its web based business areas would armed service it to better organize its activities to facilitate emerging opportunities.The other companies should follow Amazon and eBays lead and open up some of their databases to developers and

Art histort 300-2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art histort 300-2 - Essay Example that started in New York, where individuals frequently interacted with each other, and region a normal approach to making art, even when the appearance of their paintings diverged in many ways (Carr, n.d.). This common approach married the forms, purposes, colors, and shapes of Expressionism and overcharge Art.After World War II, a small group of American painters who lived in New York developed an artistic innovation (Carr, n.d.). They were called the Rebel Painters of the 1950s and included Jackson Pollock, Arshile Gorky, Willem de Kooning, Philip Guston, Adolph Gottlieb, Franz Kline, Robert Motherwell, Barnett Newman, Ad Reinhardt, Mark Rothko, and Clyfford Still (Carr, n.d.). These artists rejected both social realism and geometric abstraction, two leading strains in American art in the 1930s (Carr, n.d.). Abstract Expressionists focused on expressing elusive ideas and experiences. For Pollock, Gorky, and de Kooning, their subjects were autobi ographical and came from their innocent need to paint and express themselves. In Gorkys The Artist and His Mother paintings, they were often compared to Ingress for relief of lines and to Picasso for color and structure. Pollock is known for his abstract expressionist paintings, such as Number 1, 1950 (Lavender Mist), where his subconscious seemed to harbor controlled the flow of action in the painting. de Koonings Woman V (1952-53) has Gorkys surrealist style and Picassos form and shape. Mark Rothko fluently described their Abstract Expressionist art Art was not about an experience, but was itself the experience (Carr, n.d.).Abstract Expressionism developed in the social setting of the Depression era. During this time, artists like Gorky and de Kooning, for instance, lived near each other and became frank friends (Carr, n.d.). de Kooning also befriended Rothko, Philip Guston and Barnett Newman (Carr, n.d.). The friendships and solidarity among the Abstract Expressionists were s trengthened by

The Construction Requirements Placed on Commercial Buildings Term Paper

The Construction Requirements Placed on Commercial Buildings - Term Paper Exampleral barriers to subsisting facilities, which essential be readily accessible that is, businesses must determine whether it could fulfill such removals given the visualize costs. Otherwise, such non-compliance would cause the company to be charged with discrimination against the disabled. Exempted from this rule argon private clubs, places of religion and historical landmarks. The APA is a unique piece of legislation in that it is flexible, allowing much leeway for legislators and implementers alike to revive and strengthen the law in accordance with the changes in society that directly affect disabled people. This is in like manner in anticipation of the friction that might occur between advancing the rights of persons with disabilities and furthering the profit-making potential of business entities (ADA modify A Primer for Small Business 9). Not surprisingly, a number of regulations related to t he law guard been made and eventually revised through the years. Along with the ADAs enactment, the Standards for Accessible Design were create in 1991 which defined the merits and requirements for an accessible facility for the compliance of businesses. Implemented by the Disability Rights Section of the U.S. surgical incision of Justice, the standards were influenced by the ADA Accessibility Guidelines formulated by the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board (Andrews 19). In 2004, the justness department and the Board thought it necessary to revise and improve the guidelines based on a list of suggestions submitted by the American Institute of Architects (The Angle New ADA Standards. AIA.org). On September 15, 2010, the justice department published a new set of standards for accessible design in the Federal Register, in tune with numerous developments that affect the... As observed, the technical specifications included in the 1991 and 2010 ADA Standards are non necessarily strict. While details are provided as to the measurements, placing of amenities and other related factors, there is no explicit mention of any enforcement clause. This implies that small businesses which could not easily afford the requirements of the law may contract to adjust the dimensions depending on the size and floor area of its building, with the help of reliable civil engineers. Business owners must not use this realization as a scapegoat to not fulfilling the provisions in, say, around 10 to 15 years, since it is posited that their commercial endeavors would have progressed by that time.Businesses still find it hard to comply with the laws provisions. From the interview conducted with the ADA review specialist and the survey of non-compliance issues, it can be deduced that construction and design professionals could not meet at the center in terms of equipment and building material specifications. Businesses, on the other hand, are confronted with the ch allenge of using the appropriate materials for new constructions and structural alterations that are ADA-compliant, while still being circumspect of the expense limits. Apparently though, business owners failed to realize the long-term advances of ADA compliance not just for the benefit of people of disabilities, but also for the convenience it can bring to the employees and even to the general public, given the increase complication of modern working and living.

Between Constructivist Learning and Direct Instruction Essay

Between Constructivist Learning and Direct Instruction - Essay ExampleDirect precept proponents dispute the latest tr finish in education strategies which encourages learners to construct their own learning via minimal focusing even without prior knowledge of underlying concepts, principles, and processes (Baumann, 1982). They say that this method goes against the human cognitive architecture, that is, learners can unless churn out, via long term memory, what was previously inputted to them. Constructivist Learning Constructivist learning, in whatever form it may be, is root from the works of Piaget and Vygotsky (Gallagher & Reid, 2002 Kirschner, Sweller, & Clark, 2006 Hmelo-Silver, Duncan, & Chinn, 2007). Constructivists propose that learning occurs when knowledge is constructed by the learner through personal experiences, interaction with the surroundings, and scaffold guidance of an adult or more experienced person. In response to Kirschner et als (2006) agency that minimall y guided instruction is less effective that direct instruction, Hmelo-Silver, et al (2007) pointed out that a rate of constructivist strategies, specifically problem-based and inquiry learning, utilize more than just minimal guidance during scaffolding. They say that scaffolding takes can at a high rate in problem-based and inquiry learning, thus refuting Kirschner, et als position. Moreover, Hmelo-Silver (2007) produced a long list of studies and researches which attested to the effectiveness of problem-based and inquiry learning. Another notable point that constructivists try to strain is that positive effects of employing constructivist approaches may not be immediately observed from standardized tests (Hiebert, Stigler, & Jacobs, 2005 Hmelo-Silver, Duncan, & Chinn,... So lots debate has been going on to pinpoint exactly which mode of instruction would produce the best results for a learner. While it may be disappointing to think that no one has plant the secret ordinance to learning yet, the on-going debate is a welcome clash of ideas because it means that educators still have not rest on the age-old established facts about learning and are still very much in the quest for the improvement of the ease and effectiveness of the teaching and learning process. Maybe no one has found the secret formula yet because there may be no secret formula at all. Perhaps the only reliable fact about learning is that each learner is unique what capacity work for one may not work for another. The best that we can hope for is that at the end of the day, teachers/educators/facilitators have done their best in trying to create an appropriate and effective learning environment for the child.

Industrial Safety Jobs in Oklahoma Research Paper

Industrial Safety Jobs in Oklahoma - search Paper ExampleThe sanctioned environment is a factor because there be strict laws in place which compels the organizations to find that the workers are safe and that al the measures of industrial safety are in place. These laws are in place not only in the developed countries but also in the development countries. This shows the level of importance which governments have for the industrial safety.The humanitarian argument has its roots is humanities. It call forths that it is the responsibility of the organization to ensure that the fellow humans are not treated in any inhumane way. The proponents of this concept suggest that if an organization does not focus on industrial safety, it can have a severe synthesis on its image and eventually profits.The economic argument, as discussed earlier, is based on simply the costs of industrial hazards. Moreover, if the legal aspect is also held into consideration, then an organization should al so keep in mind the legal penalties and fines which the government can impose because of safety breaches.The situation in Oklahoma in particular and the US in general is such that the Chemical Safety Board is seriously working to ensure that a proper system is in place for industrial safety. This has led to an increase in opportunities for jobs in this area. For instance, CSB is right away considering implementing a program in which a greater emphasis is placed on the employee involvement in the safety ensuring process. In this way the workers can equally participate in monitoring, controlling and more significantly owning the safety process. If, for instance, an accident occurs, the employees can now directly report the issue to the CSB and thus CSB can check out on quick and accurate information (Rick, 2012).The prospect of industrial safety in Oklahoma is promising. The nominate is included in one of those places where this concept is being taken seriously. There are many univ ersities which are offering programs for

Compare and contrast Stopping by woods on a snowny evening & The Road Essay

Compare and contrast Stopping by wood on a snowny evening & The Road Not Taken - Essay ExampleThe forest, although better-looking and serene, represent a dark and lvirtuosoly place away from society and responsibilities. This isolation is tempting and seems to put up peace and quiet but is something no one would want or advise. For example, even the owner of these woodwind instrument is away in his village on this darkest evening of the year (8). The village symbolizes society and civilization and is mark from this lonely, isolated spot so that even the owner wont know that this visitor was here.In The Road Not Taken, the narrator comes across a fork in the road and is presented with two prime(a)s. Both are seemingly the same and there is no sure way to choose the in good order one, the passing there/ Had worn them really about the same (9-10). What matters most is that a choice has to be made. The narrator does, however, spend a lot of time judging his decision (Fagan 295). For example, he looks down one path and analyzes it as best he can, long I stood /And looked down one as removed as I could/ To where it bent in the undergrowth (3-5). Also, the narrator realizes that any choice he makes bequeath lead him to other choices and he wont be able to come back to the foremost one.In both poems, Frost uses nature imagery to symbolize the journey of life. For example, in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening, the woods represent a place and choice away from society, free from any obligations. Similarly, in the The Road Not Taken, the two paths in the woods are symbolic of lifes critical choices and decisions that one has to make (Fagan 295). Also, the imagery of grass represents the battalion that have already traveled down that particular path. Both poems also allude to the fact that both narrators have a long way to go and that their journey does not stop at these woods or cross roads of life. For example, in The Road

Professional Project - Rehearsal Studio Dissertation

Professional Project - narrative Studio - Dissertation ExampleThis is inclusive of the sociocultural conditions and other economic situations that are now a part of the UK. This also includes the trends and conditions which are in the current environment and how this ordain affect the capability of having a rehearsal studio within a given area. The aims and objectives of the methodology exit then be adapted to determine if it is financially feasible to begin a rehearsal studio as well as how the response would be from the social perspective in the UK. Design There pull up stakes be twain studies that give be used to determine whether a rehearsal studio can be structured into todays climate in the UK. One consists of a qualitative analysis and the second a three-figure analysis. These will define the independent factors that would change the needs for a rehearsal studio and will show the impact which will be made when creating a rehearsal studio. The overall design will work to create the process of triangulation, or a mixed methodology. This particular approach is able to fuse some(prenominal) perspectives and to combine independent data to show how each is related to each other in the defining of a given situation (Tashakkori, 2006). Sample Populations The beginning concept which will be unplowed in mind with the design is found on geographic location. In the UK, there are several regions and areas that are designated as cultural quarters, specifically which is a part of the growing urban culture that is in the region (Montgomery, 2004). There are also other regions which are not as focused on implementing new cultures and ideologies, which build a different outlook on how many approaches the ideology of rehearsal studios and whether this should be implemented. Examining both aspects of the need for a rehearsal studio will then assist in creating a different outlook for the implementation of the studio. A second aspect to consider with the sample population is establish on the target market of who would use a rehearsal studio. The main approach is toward musicians, engineers and producers that would be arouse in having a main area for creating music. There can also be applications for other types of art, such(prenominal) as a rehearsal space for dance, as well. With these considerations, is also an understanding that the concept is based on creating communities through the use of space. This is combined with the alternative, which is available with online and remote communities and technology tools used for creating music or functional with the fine arts (Trueman, 2007). From this perspective, there is the need to create a rehearsal studio that define what the studio can be used for and how it should be approached in terms of community building. Quantitative Method The first method which will be used will combine the sample populations with an overall examination of the viability of startle a studio. This will begin with creating an understanding of the finances that are involved with a rehearsal studio. The quantitative method will examine the budgets of rehearsal studios that are already in place in the UK, including ones based on urban culture and others that are in both city settings and remote areas. The examination will include 1. Start up costs of the studio. 2. Maintenance costs of the studio. 3. Amount of income from the space. 4. Years in operation. 5. advance and loss over each year and whether this has grown. 6. Main individuals using the rehearsal space. The comparison of these different factors will show examples of how much investment has to be made with the rehearsal studio as

Is there mutual incompatibility of deep integration, national Essay

Is there mutual incompatibility of deep integration, national sovereignty, and democracy Discuss - Essay congresswomanThe process of economic integration however carries with it inherent qualities which seem to be incompatible with the principles of sovereignty and democracy. This news report shall discuss this incompatibility in the Central Eastern European (CEE) region, in the hope of coming up with a clear and comprehensive assessment of the region and on the application of globalization practices.There is a mutual incompatibility of deep integration, national sovereignty and democracy in the CEE region because of the inherent qualities of mugwump and sovereign states which set them apart from each other. National sovereignty refers to the right of a state in relation to its territories to perform, to the exclusion of any other state, the functions of a state (Strange, 1996, p. 45). Integration, to some extent, demands that sovereignty be apt(p) up or relinquished to the region or to the global market. The CEE region is a region which is generally composed of post-communist countries from Czech Republic to Russia (BlogCamp, 2008). In some instances, it is also known as the emerging or the new Europe in the sense that it is slowly emerging in the current digitized world. For example, Ukraine manifested a degree centigrade% annual increase of online advertising market for two years in a row (BlogCamp, 2008). The growth of the region in terms of internet usage and economic advances will be considered in the heavens of Eastern Europe (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Moldova) Central Europe (Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, and Slovakia) Baltics (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) and Eastern Balkans (Romania and Bulgaria) (BlogCamp, 2008).In the previous year, analysts were keen to position that the region was headed towards a regional crisis which was very like the East Asia crisis towards the end of the 90s. The crisis showed that the region was rife with p roblems in its regional

The Need for Wireless Standards and Protocols Assignment

The Need for Wireless Standards and Protocols - Assignment ExampleThe first international monetary quantity is ISO/IEC 18000-7. This well-worn came up after a series of consultations between the international Standard Organization and a calculate of stakeholders in the wireless engineering, where they found it fit to develop this standard in regulating the wireless confabulation industry (Thomas, 2009). The stakeholders agreed with International Standard Organization proposal and formed a working throng called DASH7 Alliance. DASH7 Alliance together with experts from International Standards Organization developed DASH7 standard which necessitate a significant continue on wireless discourse technologies. The DASH7 standard was accepted by international standard organization adept committee and came into effect in 2004. The DASH7 standard has a number of requirements on the corporeal sector, concerning the wireless technology. It requires that the integrated sector need to transmit data at a absolute absolute frequency of 433MHz. The standard also requires the corporate sector to use similar electronic gadgets of data exchange to eliminate difficulties of compatibility and encourage easy communication (Thomas, 2009). The standard further requires that all organizations should maintain similar frequency accuracy of 433MHz as a standard way of coding data. This makes decoding easy and encourage use of chips that are similar and easy to operate. The standard also required use of data communication devices that have down(p) modulation and gloomy precedent consumption. These requirement brought a lot of impacts to the corporate sector in many ways. The standard made the automation of the corporate sector buildings possible. The DASH7 network, with its new frequency of 433MHz, was able to penetrate walls and other impediments that were serving as barriers to automation of buildings. With new frequency, the networks needed less installations than what the previous wireless networks required in making automation of buildings. This frequency of 433MHz made it possible to transmit data to smartcards, tickets, and watches in order to establish their location (Norair, 2009). The DASH7 standards pulled the Wi-Fi and Bluetooth out of the mart since these standards advocated for use of low power consumption. This made it impossible for these devices to be powered by such low voltages. The DASH7 standard also led to the manufacture of other devices that used very little power. The use of low power made it possible for devices such as watch and smartcard to be automated since they could be bring in from a distance. DASH7 also enabled the development of electric billboards that were used in advertising corporate products. This technology, therefore, boosted e-commerce and enabled companies to make more than profits due to low cost of advertisement. The DASH7 technology also led to development of gadgets that utilize the frequency of 433M Hz and is commonly used to monitor pressure in car tires (MacManus, 2010). Another gadget called TPMS provides the driver with true tire pressure readings. This enables drivers to save fuel, reduce tire tear and wear, and ensure the overall safety of motorists. The DASH7 technology products are also being used in the management of supply chain. Since DASH7 wireless network has amply coverage due to its low frequency of 433 MHz, it is being used in the tracking of maritime vessels, cars, and containers. This is allowing businesses to have control over their assets and, therefore, businesses can be assured of more profit. The use of DASH7

Auditing theory and practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Auditing theory and practice - Essay Examplefy these weaknesses or considered as risks associated with these financial statements, we perform comparative year-on-year and ratio analyses which whitethorn be effective for us to come in possible problem areas for additional analysis and audit testing and for which we can provide otherwise assistance. Among otherThe smart sets short-run debt paying ability. We analyse the companys luculentity status, such as its trustworthy ratio is 1.28 (lower than 1.31 in 2004) but it indicates that the company should have sufficient fund to pay its short-term debts. Our calculation also indicates that the company will be able collect the amount owed by its customers, overlook the average day of collecting payment of 82 days (15 days longer than the previous year). This may have an affect on negative cash in flow. Since the company does not have sufficient cash to have its short-term obligations, the company may consider lengthening the time i t takes to convert less liquid assets into cash.Short-term liquidity. The companys balance sheet shows that it has negative cash balance. It is likely that the company or that the record shows that the company cannot meet its obligation. Therefore, its debt-paying ability would be the length of time it takes the company to convert its current assets into cash. The companys balance sheet indicates a huge amount of bank overdraft. In chemise of necessary, the company has 2.5 times cash turnover rate (down by .89), 4.36 times of receivables turnover rate (down by .94), can re backbone the value of its fixed assets 51.17 (down from 56.93), and over all, 2.5 times (down from 3.2) chance to convert its assets into cash to cover bank over draft. With the absence of inventory, it may be possible that the company is having inventory obsolescence problem.Ability to meet long-term debt obligations. The companys debt-to-equity ratio is 3.35, down from 3.97 in 2004. There is a possibility that the company would be able to raise fund through borrowing.

Gangrene in the United States Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Gangrene in the fall in States - Research Paper ExampleSerious injuries, diabetes, and long-term smoking can cause this disease. Physicians believe that linage watercraft diseases like arteriosclerosis increase an individuals risk for gangrene. In addition, surgeries and suppressed resistant system resulting from issues like HIV or chemotherapy may lead to the development of gangrene in individuals. clostridium perifringens is a gangrene causing bacteria. Finally, trauma is also a potential cause of this disease. The symptoms of gangrene may vary in accordance with the location and cause of the disease. If the bear upon area is close to the skin, the symptoms may be foul-smelling discharge and loss of feeling sensation in that particular area. In addition, discoloration is other major symptom of gangrene. The affected region will be turned black or unsanctified if the skin is affected whereas it will become red or bronze in color if the affected location is beneath the skin. S ymptoms like fever, low BP, severe pain, confusion, and generally ill feeling may bet if the gangrene affected location is inside the body. In severe cases, amputation of the affected body part is the entirely treatment for gangrene. Sometimes, emergency operations are performed to increase blood supply to the affected area and to localise and remove dead tissues. In some other cases, antibiotics can treat the disease.Gangrene is more roughhewn in an old population as they are prone to health problems like diabetes and blood vessel diseases. A Medical News Today report indicates that in the US, the gangrene victims average age was 72 years in 2003 and in addition, 56 percent of an affected individual were men in the analogous year. This disease is found all over the world despite socio-economic differences. The geographic distribution of gangrene causing bacteria (Clostridium perifringens) is worldwide.

Research paper on Armenia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

inquiry paper on Armenia - Essay ExampleIn this paper, we will focus on the historical contexts of Armenia. With that, we basal that we will delve into the historical times of the country and what cultural attachments there are for us to go over and understand from in the context of Armenia as a historical state. Whilst on the topic of research for this paper, we hold that Armenia as a nation has never found things going easily for herself. in that respect have been invasions, troubles, and battles on the whole around which have marred the historical significance of the country nonetheless. Armenia since prehistoric times has been proposed as the tend of Eden as it is surrounded by the Biblical mountains of the Ararat. The Armenian highlands are credited as organism as first ones in the world to have any traces of human civilization. The capital of Armenia, Yerevan has founded in the year 782 BC and is a rich splendor when the talk rises up concerning the heritage of human civ ilizations. Orontid Dynasty is cognize as the first kingdom which was formed within Armenia and this had its fair share under the different dynasties that very existed within the time until 428 AD. This kingdom became one of the most powerful ones between 95 and 66 BC. There were periods of independence which were enjoyed by Armenia during this time as well as autonomy was there for the rulers to enjoy during the dynasty. The dynasty gum olibanum can easily suggest to us the sort of aura Armenia had for its countrymen and women yet it failed to live up to the historians expectations in the matter that there were troubles looming all around.

McDonalds-arch delux burger Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

McDonalds-arch delux burger - test ExampleAfter a detailed analysis, recommendations would be stated for this mooring. Ineffective Advertising Campaign McDonalds hired an advertisement agency named Fallon McElligot for the advertisements of Arch luxurious Burger. The amount ascertained for such advertisement running play was $100 million. The advertisement projected that the children atomic number 18 getting confused as they could non understand what the Arch golden Burger are all about, neither are they liking its look or taste, not any toys are given away with these burgers. It is known as rebel marketing. The motive was to show that the Arch gold Burger was not for the children. Another advertisement of Arch Deluxe Burger showed that the executive chef of McDonalds is explaining the professionals in the elevator why the Arch Deluxe Burger is tasty and motivates them to eat (Kord McDonalds Arch Deluxe Burger Commercial). This advertisement was considered awful and was not liked by the people. The message that was delivered through the advertisement was also another drawback which led to the downfall. The message said that Burger with the Grown-up Taste. It was tagged as sophisticated ingathering not for kids. In one of the commercial it was seen that the children motivated her parents to go to McDonalds by equitable saying Arch Deluxe Burger. ... It was very odd that McDonalds were parents visit especially to accompany their children as it serves foods which is exhaustively liked by the children and the parents, is offering menus with is not for the children. The product Arch Deluxe Burger was for the adults as the taste of the product was considered more sophisticated. The advertisement campaign for the Arch Deluxe showed only adults loved to consume this burger, while the children scorned it, as they did not like its taste. McDonalds spent heavily to reveal that its target customers were not children. In a family restaurant if a particular menu is restricted to only adults, then problems are bound to occur. This was the case for Arch Deluxe, and the customers discarded the product completely (Lubow Steal This Burger). Positioning Strategy Arch Deluxe Burger was a failure because of the way the product was positioned. The whole idea behind the positioning of Arch Deluxe burger was to show that it was a product not meant for children. It was revealed that no one went to McDonald to have sophisticated food or delicacies. commonwealth visited McDonalds for fun, convenience and to have delicious burger. The customers went to McDonalds because of their friendliness, tasty burger, cleanliness, and consistency. With this type of product positioning, McDonalds lost touch with its customers, and the children who are the major(ip) customers of the company also lost interest somehow in the burgers offered by the retailer. It was said that the product, Arch Deluxe burger was the result of a comprehensive research. This research reveal ed that people would like to have those burgers which are specifically knowing for the adults or grownups. However, when the actually product was launched and

Being a teenager Essay Example for Free

Being a teenager EssayWhen you leave primary school you become a youthfulness adult, and either things that you believed in are either reinforced or broken. You net be lucky and be accepted as a popular person or for simply being yourself you could remain an outcast until you leave that school. in that location is a hierarchy that is followed in each school, and both the boys and girls follow it. There is in both cases a leader for the boys and for the girls, then there are those who follow the leaders. Then there are those who dont equalize in at all and become loners. Its difficult to listen to your parents when they continually say to you, these are the best years of your life because sometimes, you struggle to see how this can be so. You feel pressure, a strong need to fit in even for just a moment, and even though you are told by your parents, no return what grade you get we will ever love you. There is still a deep note inside that if you dont do well, you will le t your parents down and you will destroy your life. There is also a fear suppressed and hidden beneath the surface, that if you do too well, you will be called a soapsuds by all of your peers.So you are caught in a catch twenty-two and there is no way of avoiding the stress or worry. The best thing to deal whit the stress and worries is to pass everywhere your fears and dont care what your peers are saying. When you are a young person everything revolves around your school live. For those that you spiel in school are those you will stick with for the five to seven years that you stay there, and some of the friends you meet there may be your friends for life. You constantly are trying to better yourself in school in order to get the attention of others. You go to sleepovers, shopping and clubbing all with the people you meet in school. This puts pressure on you because you feel the need to be perfect and to fit in with all the appease of your peers. Bullying is in full flow when you are a young person, its not physical in my opinion its mainly verbal, or the people just basically exclude you completely.There are those who rear in a group of people and seem like they in a crowd or click but what others dont realize it that they arent included in the conversation what so ever. Music, television, celebrities and school control all of my actions as well as all other young people. The music that you like and listen to can determine the kind of people you will end up being friends with. Television influences how we talk, what we wear, and even hit our opinions about things. Celebrities make us want to make ourselves better and by better I taut thinner and more fashionable, and school effects what group we are in as well as the possibility that we may not fit in at all. So being a young person is anything but easy at times, there are so many different pressures that abut your life. From restless nights for exams to being able to fit in with all the popular peo ple.Though we do do goodnights out and live for the night, when morning comes sometimes it wasnt just quite worth it. Starting jobs and keeping hormones to a lower place control is more difficult now than ever, because of influences on television. Those who surround us are constantly judge us, and we feel that we are also being judged by the outside world. Though we know there is always the one thing we can always rely on our mobiles and in my case my family. So do you think now that its easy being a teen?

Reintroduce death penalty Essay Example for Free

Reintroduce remnant penalization EssayDeath punishment is a legal process by means of which, as a penalisation a person is sentenced to expiration for a criminal offense by the state. Criminal offenses penal through expiry penalty argon referred to as bang-up offenses or majuscule crimes. The termination penalty proponents, pro- nifty punishment reason outs that it is an important aspect for deterring crimes, preserving law and order, and is less expensive comp ared to life custody. They also claim that it is in the honor of the victim to award the close penalty. This is because it ensures the offenders of the heinous offenses do non get another probability to set up much(prenominal) crime again. In addition, the demolition penalty consoles the victims grieving families. Those opposed to wipeout penalty, abolitionists argue that on that point is no deterrent effect on crimes, and government wrongly uses it as power to receive life. They claim that it is the death penalty is a means to bring about social in legal experts through targeting hatful who cannot afford good attorneys, and people of color disproportionately. They argue that life imprisonment is less expensive and much severe than the death penalty.With all these arguments, we are left to decide on what course to take, assess the pros and cons of nifty punishment and decide to support or oppose it. Questions relating to who deserves the death penalty and who does not capture been elevated by both the advocates of death penalty and those opposed to the death penalty (Zimring 91-93). Should death penalty be introduced? This is the argument of this paper. Capital punishment, in many countries, cultures and societies, throughout the human history has been applied in the justice system the question that arises is that is it morally acceptable? Is it justified? Both the advocates for death penalty and the opponents of death penalty wealthy person valid arguments to back up their reasons. Those for the death penalty argue that the act of seat of government punishment is a deterrent to crime. However, those against argue that the death penalty is only a life imprisonment and not a deterrent to crime. It is however evident that the deterrence from the perspective of capital punishment is about the receivers mind involving the existing psychological processes (Haag 70-71).Not everybody deserves the death penalty. However, some people earn capital punishment. A person who breaks into a grocery store and steals bread clearly does not deserve the death penalty. In addition, people who commit bump off for self-defense or during moment ofpassion. Such people consort to me do not deserve death. On the other hand, a serial killer after the lives of ingenuous people for fun and personal gains deserves capital punishment. I support the proponents of capital punishment. This stance is informed by a number of facts and reasons. Death penalty is a deterrent to crime. Even though the death penalty is irreversible, convicted persons are often given numerous chances to prove their innocence. Capital punishment assures societal safety through elimination of criminals. A life for a life is a sensible and credible assertion. deterrence is penalize someone to create fear among people for punishment.Capital punishment is a punishment creates fear, especially in the minds of sane persons. Haag (2003) in his article On Deterrence and Death Penalty, people refrain from dangerous and subtle acts because of inchoate, vague, habitual, and most importantly preconscious fear (Haag 72). Everyone fears death, and most criminals would shake up a second thought if they were aware their receive lives would be on the line. There are not so many acknowledgments and evidence of death penalty to effectively deter crime than the usual long term imprisonment. The countries or states with the capital punishment has no lower rates of crime or rates of make t han those countries and states without those laws. On the other hand, the states or countries that run away against capital punishment have not shown any large deviation in the rates of murder or crime. The indicates that capital punishment has no defined deterrent impact. Claims that the functionings dissuade particular number of murders have been discredited thoroughly by the researches of social sciences. In fact people do commit murder widely in the heat of passion basically under drug or alcohol influence, or because of mental illness, without thinking about the implications of the act.Those murderers who make plans of their murder crimes expect and intend to unravel punishment by avoiding getting caught (Haag 70-73). On the other hand, some social research has found that execution has a significant deterrence to incidents of murder. In addition, the implementation of the capital punishment is related to the increased murder incidences, while those against the death penalty argue that the capital punishment is used unfairly against the African Americans, every extra execution prevents murder of 1.5 African Americans. In moratoria, death row, and commuted sentences removals tend to increase murderincidences. Americans have emerged to support the capital punishment for reasons such as the existence of minimal justification that project unfair treatment of the minorities, and that the death penalty results into a reduction or deterrent to crimes and saves life. Those for capital punishment conceptualise that the death penalty ultimately deter murderers from killing more innocent people. No concrete evidence justifies this assertion. Therefore the supporters suggest that the capital punishment is a basic reminder to the general public that there is no retaliate for crimes. It gives people a notion that if you engage in killing innocent people then you are forced to pay a quite high price (Zimring 95-96).Abolitionists, opponents of the death penalty arg ue that there is no need to take the life of a criminal to deter life, and that imprisonment in itself is a deterrent to criminal activities. Zimring (2004) asserts that deterring crime is only possible by frightening the would-be criminals by arrest, conviction, and punishment. However, imprisonment whitethorn not be enough for some criminals to stop committing more crimes. A number of criminals such as serial killers believe that they would never be caught and brought to justice. For these kinds of criminals, the death penalty should be warranted to teach others a lesson and instill fear in them. The advocates of anti the death penalty argue that capital punishment is irreversible, and may lead to making irreversible mistakes. I accept this fact because once someone is awarded the death penalty there is no reverse even if they only failed to prove their innocence (Haag 77-78 ). However, the probability of making a mistake with the death penalty is very minimal, extremely low. Capi tal punishment is very extreme.Therefore, the judicial system exercises it with a lot of care and caution. Because of the various guaranteed rights protection of people facing capital punishment, guilt must be determined by convincing and clear evidence that leaves no room for alternative justification of facts. The right to appeal is also protected for the convicts, and other privileges that ensure only rightly accused persons are awarded the death penalty. agree to Haag, whenever life is at stake, trials are often more likely to be fair, and the death penalty is less often inflicted unjustly than others. Therefore, the abolitionists argument of making irreversible mistakes is unjustified. People have argued that the death penalty theory is correct since people are deterred from doing crimes by what they fear most,that people fear death more than any other punishment, that the death penalty is a deterrent to crimes that any other punishment possible, and that the capital punishm ent is tender-hearted enough and the law supports it.They also argue that because those sentenced to death normally do much to have the day postponed, it proves that people fear death and therefore will avoid it (Zimring 97). Others have also said that the televised executions are more effective as people exercise more reaction to what they see than that which they imagine. It is hence hard to threaten murderers with something basically invisible, but in their minds, the death penalty is a major deterrent option. These are justifications that the death penalty is effective. The U.S establishment of the death penalty was due to capital crimes and murder. State or congress legislature may recommend the death penalty for capital crimes. According to the Supreme philander ruling, the death penalty does not violate the Eighth Amendments ban per se on unusual and cruel punishment. However, the Eighth Amendment shapes certain aspects of procedures regarding where a jury may prescribe th e death penalty and the way it must be conducted.Analyses of Eighth Amendment demand courts to consider the evolution of decency standards. This is important in ascertaining that a particular punishment constitutes an unusual or cruel punishment. It is required that when considering evolving decency standards, objective factors that show a transmute in standards of the community must be observed and independent evaluations made concerning the reliability and/or join of the statute in question. Although the death penalty is being considered effective in deterring capital crimes, the Supreme Court ruling discredited capital punishment for juvenile offenders. Majority opinion indicated that juveniles are irresponsible and immature. They have incomplete character development and are greatly vulnerable to negative influences. The Supreme Court deduced that insubstantial offenders assume reduced accountability for their crimes. However, social science researchers point out that people do commit murder widely in the heat of passion. The reason for this may be influence from drug or alcohol, mental illness.This renders little or no thought to the consequences of the act. Those murderers who make plans of their murder crimes expect and intend to escape punishment by avoiding getting caught. Therefore, the death penalty may be appropriate in such cases (Zimring 98-101). In conclusion, I support the arguments givenby the proponents of the death penalty, the pro-capital punishment. I think death penalty should be reintroduced. I take this stance because I believe the death penalty serves a definite purpose of deterring crime and bringing criminals to justice, as well as honoring the victims. For capital punishment to rightly serve this purpose, it must be made efficient and more effective. The system of justice has gone through a drastic transformation to ensure only rightly accused persons are brought to justice.I believe the death penalty ensures societal safety, bri ngs criminals to book, brings justice to the victims, and deter crimes and reduce the number of criminals. From these illustrations, I believe capital punishment should not be abolished. Capital punishment is necessary to maintain public safety and note justice shining in the society. It also cuts down the number of convicts on death row. The death penalty relieves families and friends who lose their loved ones in the merciless hands of criminals. It also solves the problem of overcrowding through a humane action. From this account, the death penalty aids in resolving a number of societal criminal issues. Therefore, I take the stance of the pro-capital punishment I support the reintroduction of death penalty.Works CitedHaag, Ernest Van Den. On Deterrence and Death Penalty, Reserved reading for Philosophy, 2(3) 2003 44-78.Zimring, F. E. The Contradictions of American Capital Punishment, New York Oxford University Press. 2004. Print.

British Sky Broadcasting Limited Essay Example for Free

British Sky Broadcasting Limited EssayThe share price calculated for BskyB victimisation the equilibrium income evaluation model is 3.72, which is 5.64 below the market share price of around 9.36. Reason for much(prenominal) depleted share price is that the profits reported by BskyB are non faceing the advert of the equity pileus and hence valuing the BskyB stock on the stem of reported profit for the period doesnt show the true and fair view of BskyB share price. The price calculate by utilise the residual income valuation model is showing that how the cost of equity capital has affected the profits of BskyB and thus reporting a decreased value of the bon ton and for the share price as well. Operating income predicted on the basis of the growth rate is showing a constant increase in the operating income in the future(a) period. It is very important for BskyB to achieve a higher rate of growth in revenues which leave alone finally gives rise to the need of inves ting in BskyBs operating assets and thus both variables leave behind hold on up with the increased value of company per share for the conterminous period foretaste. As the value of company is equal to the net present value of future cash flows discounted at take away rate of reproduction to the investor. So the company should try focusing growth in its revenue rather than expending its fear in the UK and around the globe.Return on net operating assets of BskyB is desirewise decreasing in the next three years period. The decrease is miner but this is a sign that BskyB could be in to a greater extent depressed financial conditions if attention is not paid to the growth rate of revenue. As in the in a higher place graph the return on net operating assets has been dropped from 49.00% to 48.99%. As the investors are much interested in the future prospects of the company rather than the historical performance of company. At first instance the investor will forecast the value of its enthronement and if the investment is generating some additional amount on their investment and if investment is not generating any additional return on it then they will consider the alternative company to invest. pursuance would be the basic assumptions1- The stock price can be predicted by using the residual income valuationmodel. 2- The relationship of current stock price and between the predicted share prices is significant. 3- Share piece of BskyB calculated using the residual income method divided by the current share price is more reliable and appropriate as compared to the book value of stock divided by the current value of stock. 4- The cost of capital will remain the same in the period under forecast which is 5.73%. 5- Terminal value will grow at the rate of industrial sector growth which is 4.00%. 6- Tax rate will not change.7- Company will invest continuously in its operating assets. Investment recommendations1-As BskyB Vodafone are already partners, Vodafone has its guest lascivious and the BskyB has the numerous type of entertainment and various license for the sports events. Recently the BskyB has announced that for the upcoming association football league season the company has spent 299 gazillion pound. If company sign a contract with Vodafone to show its direct broadcast to the Vodafone users than it will not only enhance the customer base of BskyB but will also promotes its sport beam channels. (Thomson, 2014) Moreover, this could be more beneficial if the company also provides high further broad band services to its Vodafone customer on a very cheap rate by introducing some attractive sport events covering packages.As the company has a strong customer base of 4.9 million. This will surely be increased by taking over this investment opportunity. Because the competitor at that place is capturing the market share very rapidly (British Telecommunications) and due to BT BskyB has lost 1.5 billion pound of its value in November. S o it is much vital for BskyB to maximize the revenue by investing in secure opportunities. (PLUNKETT, 2014) 2- British Sky Broadcasting Group Plc, known as BskyB, (BSYBY.PK,BSY.L), Friday said it agreed to invest $8 million in Luminari Capital, a venture capital fund focusing on engine room and media startup companies that enlist within the theme of innovation in video. This investment is expected to aid Sky to choose germane(predicate) startup companies to partner with in the future. (British Sky To Invest $8 Mln In Luminari Capital fast Facts, 2013)As the broadcasting industry needs continuously development and up gradation of its broadcasting technology and thus it will need investment to achieve that level of competitive broadcasting to compete within the industry and make keep its distinctive position in the UKbroadcasting industry. Furthermore, UK film industry has also called for investment from BskyB of 20 million pound annually this is major part of the annual investm ent in the UK film industry which signifies the position of BskyB in the UK broadcasting industry. (Macnab, 2014) As the strategy of BskyB has always remain customer focused and the company has always aimed high to serve its customer with its robust and highly innovative broadcasting technology, from a long period the company has reaped the fruits of its consumer focused strategies.So a lucre the company has the opportunity to gain several film licenses by dominating is position to generate considerable cash flows in future. already the company is the choice of around 40% of the British canhold and such continuous significant investment opportunities can turn the ship of BskyB around the globe. 3-As the company is in the industry in which it is required to concord a research and development for its broadcasting equipment. Currently the company pays a large portion of its earning to the supplier for the payment of equipment which it has purchased time to time. If the company inves ts in such a operating facility which is well furnished and has the capacity to produce the all tangible broadcasting equipment and as it will also have its RD part then off course it can innovate its products in house and frequently.This will also be considered as separate revenue generating business segment of BskyB which will ultimately increase the companys potential to increase its revenue in upcoming periods. BskyB can also sell those in house broadcasting equipment to other organizations operating under the umbrella of the broadcasting. More over a company like BskyB must also consider the investing in the other competitors as it has already invested in some(prenominal) other media and broadcasting companies. this will help the company in a manner, if in a certain year the company remains unable to show increase in its revenue it will be compensated by earning revenue from its short term or long term investments.ReferencesThomson, A. 2014. Vodafone Said to question Sharin g Broadband With BSkyB in U.K. online 20 January. Available at http//www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-01-20/vodafone-said-to-discuss-sharing-broadband-with-bskyb-in-u-k-.html Accessed 31 expose. PLUNKETT, S. 2014.Vodafone, BSkyB in talks to curb BTs broadband reach report. online 19 January. Available at http//uk.reuters.com/article/2014/01/19/uk-vodafone-bskyb-idUKBREA0I09C20140119 Accessed 31 March 2014. British Sky To Invest $8 Mln In Luminari Capital Quick Facts. 2013. online 15 November. Available at http//www.rttnews.com/2224924/british-sky-to-invest-8-mln-in-luminari-capital-quick-facts.aspx Accessed 31 March. Macnab, G. 2014. UK panel urges broadcasters to invest. online 23 January. Available at http//www.screendaily.com/news/uk-panel-urges-broadcasters-to-invest/5065719.article Accessed 31 March.

History of dance Essay Example for Free

Hi story of dance EssayHow could you f bewell your country? The place you grew up in, how could you kick the bucket your love ones in a place so bad you had to flee it yourself? The production of Look the opposite direction choreographed by Cadi McCarthy is clear emotion anyy attached to the performers. Look the other way describes how people had to leave their home and become refugees, their fear and hatred needing the encouragement to move forward. The mixture of contemporary and pelvic girdle skip really drives you into the performance and makes dancers, public and even you feel like a part of the attraction. The choreographer clearly displays the renewal of talent and emotive skills that all of the dancers consist of. The different interrogations of individually dancer themselves are astonishing, having a good range from the saturation and intensity movements by Peter Fares to the smooth, soft and meaningful movements danced by Yillin Kong. The artistic procedure of props and lighting falls the texture of the movements on the performers and their facial expressions gave an overwhelming feeling inside its a wakeup call to seeing how lucky we are as a country.This was a very effective way to get the audiences attention. Having to ensure the other way when all you feel is hopelessness is a very difficult thing to do. The characters make you feel as if they are portraying their country, getting extraneous from the outrageousness and the terror. Sharing their side of the horrific stories. All distributing the same emotions betrayal and being forced to look the other way. The choreographer immersed herself into the stories of the young people who had overcome the sacrifice of fleeing their country to have freedom in Australia.Cadi McCarthy clearly and successfully got her intent to the target audience (young students) expressing the dreadful descriptions by educating us through contemporary and hip hop dance. There are seven characters (not inc luding the two boys who are still learning English) in the performance, each with different difficulties and reports to share with the world. They all show tolerance and ignorance to not give up and not give in. The movements and space used in this choreography by Cadi McCarthy entitles the effects and emotions she wants the audience to feel.Each performer had their own special techniques which was used to their advantage. Movements such as slowly walking, shaking, and closed shapes, sharp turns, counter balancing and falling, these are indications of being pushed around. The fast, muscular movements were intimidating and in each others personal space. The most meaning(a) peace was the Riot (Fight scene) which was done in a group, but danced in duets. Showing the mob mentality, strength and power, giving the truthful facts that no matter how many times youre pushed down, you shall thrive to get bandaging up again, keep moving forward.The costumes seemed rushed and not restricted which gave them freedom to move the clothing flavor very unfavourable. Using very natural colours such as black, skin colour, white, and a flowered dress worn by Yillin showing the audience that they were in a rush, all they had was the clothing on their backs. The lighting effects by Andrew Portwine was dim and organic to set the mood, the angles of the light reflected off the dancers faces to give texture, ugliness gloomy looks.The overall costumes and lighting was more than successful and gave the illusion to hardship for the audience. Tristen Parr and Matt Cornell did exceptional run short on the soundtrack. The music had been made from scratch so it was an original peace. In the performance the music was preserve and instrumental throughout. You could feel the classical vibrations as if atmospherical, representing the extreme adversity and struggles (Production2 Sacrifice, where videos are used to tell us about true stories).There were sections of the performance where the sound was live, like the word monologues where each dancer dialog about accountings explaining what it was like to be a refugee (Peter Fares holding Yillin Kong on his shoulder while telling the story of his parents from Israel, Lebanon, and Syria to Australia). The most memorable and major feature of the props used was the Opening boards (Designed by Laura Boynes and Tristan Parr) where the characters drag themselves crossways the stage and stand up onto a rocking board, representing the uncertainty to travel, external and internal fear of leaving their loved ones, the experiences to come.Using the boards as a boat and steps revealing their long tour to find freedom, using the rocking motion traveling the entire emotional ride with the characters. The boards drew the audiences attention straight away to the restlessness and fear. The backdrop of four walls that were recycled substances designed by Monique Wajon (makeshift of materials found in refugee camps). These props commun icated to the audience giving meaning and belief to the dance. The Buzz Dance Theatre has accomplished in reproducing all viewpoints of refugees, immigrants and asylum seekers.Every possible aspect of contemporary and hip hop dance was depute into this performance to accomplish the priorities and achievements of triumphing to the top. Each dancer attributes to the story in individual ways choreographed by Cadi McCarthy. I personally found that every phase used for this special performance including characters, music, costumes, choreography, set and props all worked exceptionally well together to produce a stimulating and significant enactment. Although a little unknown I was defiantly motivated at the end of the performance.

Beta Blocker in Case of Heart Failure Essay Example for Free

Beta Blocker in effect of Heart Failure EssayIntroduction Beta- blockers, also known as beta antagonists, beta-adrenergic blocking agents, or beta-adrenergic antagonists, be drugs that are prescribed to treasure several different types of conditions, including hypertension (high blood pressure), angina, some brachydactylous heart rhythms, heart attack (myocardial infarction), anxiety, migraine, glaucoma, and overactive thyroid symptoms.Beta-blockers block the action of the sympathetic nervous trunk of the heart, thus reducing stress on the heart. The sympathetic nervous trunk activates the fight or outflow response. It is part of the autonomic nervous system. Beta-blockers block beta-adrenergic substances, such as apinephrine (adrenaline) in the autonomic nervous system (involuntary nervous system). They slow down the heart fly the coop, decrease the force of the contractions of the heart muscles, and impose blood vessel contraction in the heart, brain, as well as the rest of the body.Generic Names Carvedilol / Metoprolol / atenolol / Bisprolol / Propranolol / Timolol Brand Names Coreg / Lopressor, Toprol XL / Tenormin / Zebeta / Inderal / Blocadren How it is given Oral (tablet or capsule), intravenous (IV)Indications Doctors whitethorn prescribe beta-blockers for patient ofs with tachycardias (rapid heart rates). They help patients with angina by lowering the amount of atomic number 8 the heart muscles require. Angina pectoris occurs when the heart requires more oxygen than it is getting.Beta-blockers can help hypertensive patients because their effects on blood vessels lower blood pressure.Patients with hereditary tremors as well as those who suffer from migraines may derive from taking beta-blockers.In other words, beta-blockers are known as beta- adrenoreceptor blocking agents and are used to treat Commonly* Angina* Heart tribulation* High blood pressure (hypertension)* Irregular heart beat (atrial fibrillation)* Myocardial infarction (h eart attack) less commonly* Prevention of migraine* Thyrotoxicosis (overactive thyroid)* Anxiety* Tremor* Glaucoma (as marrow drops)-The first clinic solelyy useful beta adrenergic receptor antagonist was called Propranolol. It was invented by Sir James W. down(p) (born 1924), a Scottish doctor and pharmacologist. Sir James also synthesized Cimetidine (for the interference of heartburn and peptic ulcers) and was awarded the Nobel pillage for Medicine in 1988. Propranolol revolutionized the medical management of angina pectoris it is considered as one of the major contri andions to clinical care for and pharmacology of the 20th century. Mechanism of work The use of beta blockers in heart failure is originally associated with the practice of medicines effect on heart rate. The medication, by way of the sympathetic nervous system, decreases the patients heart rate, preventing the heart from having to work harder because of the condition. This effect was not considered desirable for heart failure patients when the medication was first studied, however.A lowered heart rate has the risk of worsening heart failure symptoms, but as research continued, beta blockers proved to have benefits that outweighed this risk. The exact etiology of the case of heart failure is of importance when a doctor is deciding whether to use beta blockers. A case that is present because of stricken ventricular filling, in contrast to a case caused by impaired ventricular emptying, seems to respond bring out to beta blockers in heart failure.In addition to their sympathetic action on heart muscle, beta blockers in heart failure influence the kidneys renin/angiotensin system. Beta blocking medications cause the discrimination of the hormone, renin, to decrease. As renin decreases, a cascade of events transpires that decrease the hearts demand for oxygen. The cascade lowers extracellular liquified volume and increases the bloods ability to hold and carry oxygen to body tissues. Bet a blocker treatment can be supplemented, and is supplemented in most cases, with diuretics and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors that enhance this effect.Patients who have significant dyspnea curtness of breath while they remain at rest are among those who may not be candidates for treatment with beta blockers. Having severe dyspnea can increase the risks that are associated with beta blocker treatment. Some patients are considered hemodynamically unstable if their blood does not carry oxygen well, even under normal circumstances these patients may not be good candidates for treatment either.Heart problems for a patient with heart problems beta-blockers can reduce the workload for the heart so that it does not have to work so hard to supply all parts of the body with oxygen-rich blood. For people with angina, heart failure, or after a heart attack, reducing the black Maria workload is crucial.Drugs Used in case of Heart Failure * Propranolol* Metoprolol tartrate (L opressor) and metoprolol succinate (Toprol XL) * * Carvedilol (Coreg) * * Bucindolol (Bextra) * * Bisoprolol (Zebeta) * Side set up The most common side effects are* Cold feet* Cold hands* Diarrhea* hold out* Nausea* Very slow heartbeatThe following less common side effects are also possible* Sleeping difficulties and disturbances* Bad dreams (nightmares)* Erectile dysfunction (male inability to achieve or actualise an erection during sex)References Myo clinicwww.Hearthealthywomen.comhttp//www.wisegeek.com

“The Death and the Maiden” D. 810 by Franz Schubert Essay Example for Free

The demise and the beginning D. 810 by Franz Schubert EssayFranz Peter Schubert was born on the 31st of January 1797 in Lichtental, Austria which is near Vienna. He has fifteen brothers and sisters, only when save five of them live to see their stolon birthday. The father, Franz Teodor is the Principal in a local school. The mother, Elizabeth Viets was a cook in a Viennese family. When Franz Schubert was effective five-year-old he started play the fiddle and his teacher was his own father. Three years later, Michael Holzer, who was the parish priest in the town, started to teach the eight-year-old composer how to play the organ. Franz Schubert composed his foremost piece at the age of just ten. In 1808, he started singing in the courtier choir. Not only he was a soloist in the choir but did he play in the section of min violins in the orchestra. This itinerary, he came to know the practice of medicine of Joseph Haydn and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. At this time, Shuber t was taught by Antonio Salieri.After graduating from a teaching seminary in 1814, Schubert worked as a teacher alongside his father until 1818. The three year period amongst 1818 and 1821 is in only likelihood the toughest test in the composers life. Shubert was trying to earn enough giving private lessons but the bullion was in reality insufficient. He was not able to find a full-time job either, so he had to live with any(prenominal)what of his friends other composers and poets. In 1818 and 1820 as a musical teacher of count Esterhazys daughters, the young composer had the chance to visit Hungary. Schubert learnt a lot about the Hungarian national music and the gipsy music during these visits.Suddenly and unexpectedly, his margin calls become precise popular in Hungary and Austria aft(prenominal) 1821 when he managed to publish some of his works with his friends help. Franz Schubert is the composer of some of the greatest genuine master pieces ever write such as The unfattened Symphony No. 8 D 759, the piano quintet The Trout D. 667, the string tetrad The expiry and the beginning(a) D 810 and of course his more(prenominal) than 600 songs. Schubert is also the pioneer of the song cycle genre, writing pieces such as Die Winterreise D.911, and Die Schone Mullerin D. 795. The composer died on November the 19th 1928 in Vienna.This essay has been prep ard to examine several incompatible aspects of Franz Schuberts chamber music by master(prenominal)ly giving pillow slips from the string quartet remnant and the world-class D. 810 and the song Der Tod und Das Madchen D. 531. Analyses and connection between the poetry Der Tod und Das Madchen by Matthias Claudius, the song and the string quartet The Death and the initiative by Franz Schubert will also be included. Also, the extent to which Schubert has taken the vocal melody and made it idiomatic for the string instruments will be explored.Most of the Schuberts songs are really connected wit h poetry. He used to work with poets such as Goethe and Schiller, who had a huge clash onto the composers works. Christoph Wolff suggests that the things which Shubert mostly liked in the Matthias Claudius poems were the purity and simplicity of the poetic language. (Bandura-Skoda, Branscombe, 1982, 144). The song The Death and The beginning(a) D. 531, which was composed by Franz Schubert in 1815 is based on the poem Der Tod und Das Madchen by Matthias Claudius which was written in 1775. The poem consists of both stanzas as ideal one shows.Das MadchenDer TodVoruber Ach, voruberGib deine Hand, du schon und zart Gebild Geh, wild KnochenmannBin Freund, und komme nicht, zu strafen. Ich bin noch jung Geh lieber,Sei gutes Muts Ich bin nicht wild, Und ruhre mich nicht an.Sollst sanft in meinen Armen schalfenThe Maiden DeathPass me by Oh, pass me by Give me your hand, you beautiful and impression miscellanea Go, fierce man of bones I am a friend, and come no to punish. I am still youn g Go, rather, Be of good cheer I am not fierce, And do not touch me. Softly shall you sleep in my arms model 1 The poem Der Tod und Das Madchen.It is clear to see that the poem is in a form of a dialog between The Maiden and The Death. A key feature in the archetypical stanza is the short sentences, ending with an exclamation mark. This shows that the girl is frightened and afraid of The Death. On the other hand, The Death in the blink of an eye stanza is meant to be scary and dangerous, but instead of that it sounds harmless and even makes a approval in the opening words Give me your hand, you beautiful and tender form. Anyhow, thither is an interesting concomitant about the title of the poem Der Tod und Das Madchen, therefore the names of the song and the string quartet by Schubert The Death and The Maiden, which is the reverse order of the two stanzas compare with the title which shows the serious comportment of Death even before the opening words.The song The Death and The Maiden D. 531 by Schubert is logically as contrasting as the poem which it is based on. The opening eight omits of the song are just an introduction to the following piece. From bar nine onwards, Schubert uses very smart resources to establish the scary and anxiety cash dispenser such as chromatism and quicker metric rhythm, as it derriere be seen on example two. standard 2 the song The Death and The Maiden D. 531 It can be said that the Maiden is giving up resisting the Death between bars half a dozenteen and cosh and there are few evidence funding this idea. Firstly, the vocal line is going downwards which is a sign of humility. Secondly, the metric rhythm in these six bars is calm and uninterested, exactly as it was in the very opening of the song. Lastly, the fermata in bar twenty-one could be the final clue that the Maiden is already given up fighting. After this really hammy moment for the listener, Schubert introduces the piece character in the piece The Death. (Ba ndura-Skoda, Branscombe, 1982, 152) The composer sets the tempo of the introduction as a tempo for the gage disunite of the song. on that point is a little propellent event, however really important.The dynamic in the first get going of the song (the erupt of The Maiden) is p while in the arcminute breach (the part of The Death) is pp. By using this technique, Shubert makes the lyrics of the Death sound even more shocking. The opening words in the second stanza are so important that the composer keeps the vocal line on the lively of D minor for nearly six whole bars. The words Gieb deine Hand, du schon und zart Gebuild, which translates as follows Give me your hand, you beautiful and tender form are accompanied by quite a simple harmony pattern. Schubert uses the tonic of the D minor in the first bar of the second part of the song and then the sub-dominant is used in the second bar which develops into its first inversion in the following bar. The composer goes back to the tonic in the one-quarter bar, but just to set a much more interesting harmonic pattern for the second verse of the stanza Bin Freud, und komme nicht, zu strafen, which means I am a friend, and come not to punish.In the 5th bar of the second part of the song the play being used is the first inversion of the supertonic seventh which changes to the second inversion of the same chord in the first part of the following bar. However, the chord used in the second part of the bar in question, which is bar six of the second part of the song, is the seventh of the sub-dominant. The composer uses bar seven for a transition to the new key of F study, which is established in the eighth bar. The harmony is being changed from sub-dominant to the tonic of F major and back to the first inversion of the sub-dominant in the frames of the next bar. During the next two bars ten and eleven, the tonic sub-dominant movement in F major continues.The Death ends with the words Sollst Sanft in Meinen Ar men Schafen which translates as Softly shall you sleep in my arms. Schubert goes back to D minor in this last passage also, the composer uses the French augmented 6th for the word Schlafen. This chord seems to be the undefiled one to finish the idea of the Death with, as it sounds unsure, uncomfortable and probably harmless. Immediately after that, in the last seven bars, Schubert unexpectedly uses D major, as if to show the public that the Death has no bad intentions. These harmonic patterns and the lack of melody movement in the second stanza can only remember the Death voice as supernatural and really contrasting to the active voice part in the first stanza. (Bandura-Skoda, Branscombe, 1982, 153)As already said above, the song is based on the poem, which is the reason for some suddenly hitting similarities between the two of them. For example, Schubert clearly differentiates the two stanzas and the two dialogue partners by various price such as the dynamics and declamatory g estures. The piano dynamic, crescendo and diminuendo in the first part of the song correspond to the short and disjunct phrases in the Maiden part of the poem. Likewise, the pianissimo dynamic in the second part of the song is in harmony with the long and conjunct phrases in the Death part of the poem (Bandura-Skoda, Branscombe, 1982, 150).However, an interesting fact is that Schubert does not use two different voices for the two stanzas. This perhaps was his counsel of making the dramatic dialogue between the Maiden and the Death even more effective. In fact, Schubert uses a material which was previously written by him quite often. For example, the famous piano quintet in A major D. 667 is based on the song the Trout D. 550. uniformly, the Wanderer D. 493 supplies with material the C major fantasy D. 760. As it was already mentioned above, the suck quaternity D. 810 The Death and the Maiden is based on the song D. 531. More precisely, the second movement of the string quartet, which consists of one of import composing and five regenerations, is completely based on that song. The main theme can be divided into three parts A, B and C.Example 3 similitude of the first eight bars of the second movement of the string quartet (above) and the song (below) The A section, which is shown on example three above, is almost directly taken from the song. Afterwards, between bars nine and sixteen, which is section B, the music is getting livelier and vivid, just to correspond perfectly to the Maidens feelings. The C section of the main theme, between bars 17 and twenty-four, is again calm exactly as the Death in the Claudiuss poem is. The first twenty-four bars are probably the most beautiful and angelic, yet implausibly simple, in the Romantic era. However, the simplicity of the whole passage is what makes it so genuine. For example, the invoice G is repeated thirteen multiplication between bars seventeen and twenty-four in the part of the first violin, while t he note B is repeated fourteen times in the viola part. Anyhow, the feature which makes these bars sound so perfect is the harmony pattern which is shown on example four.Example 4 Harmonic analysis of bars seventeen to twenty four of the second movement of the string quartet The first variation starts in bar twenty-five. Basically, the harmony pattern is the same to the one in the certain theme. This time, however, the second violin and the viola exit the harmony which was previously played by the whole quartet. The inner-voices sustain the key feature in this variation in triplets throughout. The cello is providing the foundation of the whole passage by playing strong jar plucked notes.The first violin part is really interesting in this variation, because it has very much a financial backing image, something unusual, especially at the beginning of a piece. The notes played are part of the chord played by the rest of the group. This first of five variations is somehow more te nsed and emotional compare to the received theme in the movement. This is probably to underline the Maiden fright when she tries to escape the Death at the beginning of the poem. In the second variation, there is a lead singing part the cello. It is interesting to see how this melody corresponds to the authentic theme, which can be seen on example five.Example 5 Comparison between the cello part in the 2nd variation (above) and the original theme (underneath) The second violin translates a second voice, which supports the main tune. It is a unique accompaniment because of its multitasking. The dotted quavers form the supporting voice which was mentioned above, while the semi-quavers complete the first violin and the viola accompaniment procedures, as it can be seen on example six.Example 6 The unique, multitasking second violin part in the second variation. The role of the viola throughout this variation is to provide a strong base part. Schubert achieved that with very simpl e but incredibly effective rhythm quaver, quaver rest and two quavers. This pattern repeats for twenty-four bars. The first violin part has an ornamental function again, to a fault in the first variation.It can be said, that the harmonic patterns remains similar to these at the beginning of the piece, however, there are simply more notes played in this variation which is the reason for the more tensed and enkindle feelings. The third variation is an absolute shock for the listener. It is a kind of culmination of the feelings which have been building up so far in the movement. This variation is unlike any of the rest in terms of role playing of the four instruments. The key feature in the third variation is the rhythm which is presented mainly by the second violin and the viola, while still reminiscing about the main theme with all the quavers, as example seven shows.Example 7 Strong rhythmic second violin and viola parts, which still remember about the main theme. The first vio lin and the cello have a similar job of playing big three-part chords later on, which create additional tautness in the music. There is an interesting fact that the original theme and the previous two variations finished in the key of G major. In the third one, however, all four instruments resolve to a single G note. The composer surprises the listener again with the fourth variation. Having listened to the previous really tensed and exciting variation, Schubert introduces very light and beautiful music in G major. A relation to the main theme has been found in this variation, as shown on example eight.Example 8 Similar material in the fourth variation and the main theme. The first violin is playing an accompanying role again in this variation, but this time, so lyrical and smooth, that it can be described as a counter-melody. The last part of this variation is in C major, which is the first significant change of tonality so far in the movement. By going back to the more relaxed music in this variation, the composer hides the return to the radix key of G minor perfectly, as he prepares the listener for the end of the movement. In this final one-fifth variation, the second violin and the viola play a version of the main theme which has been played in the first variation, but this time much more lyrically. Schubert uses some voice exchange between the two of them as well. This time the cello part has the job of providing the base. It is a very simple ostinato movement, but again, incredibly effective for the listener as example nine shows below.Example 9 The ostinato movement of the cello in the last variation The first violin has a very limited part. Starts off with a very long G note, just to continue with a passage, which strongly emphasizes the G minor chord as shown on example ten.Example 10 The first violin line at the beginning of the fifth variationOf particular interest is the note of the cello in bar one-hundred and thirty which is shown on exa mple eleven. There, the cello reaches the lowest note of the whole piece. This note is greatly emotional for the listener, because this is the point where all the tension and excitement, which has been building up throughout the movement, finally resolves.Example 11 Bar 130, where the cello reaches the lowest note in the piece The coda of this movement starts in bar one-hundred and forty-four. Schubert uses the material from sections B and C of the original theme. This can be seen in the parts of the second violin, viola and cello while the first violin part is more variative and ornamental then any of the other instruments. It is an interesting fact, that Schubert finishes this movement the same way he finishes the song, with a restatement of the introduction but this time in a major key.Having written more than six-hundred songs, Franz Schubert has a huge contribution to the developing of this genre. His creativeness as a song composer, of course hue some of his instrumental mus ic as well. It is very difficult to reproduce in great detail what the composer had in mind about his vocal and instrumental works, in order to the fact that the singing techniques and the instruments some two-hundred years ago were so different to what they are nowadays. An interesting fact is the use of slurs in Schuberts instrumental music. He is the composer who has rarely written a slur which is longer than a string participant could manage.The slurs in a string player part correspond to the breaths a singer would take. This proves that even when composing pieces for a string quartet or even a symphony, Schubert uses his vocal techniques all the time. (Montgomery, 2003, 11) Unlike the classical string quartets, the Schuberts works can be described as genuine according to the tinkerer Louis Spohr. This means that there is no one leading part, as it used to be during the Classical era, but all four parts are equally important. Therefore, the first violin should not aim to agni ze himself above the other three players by style of delivery or strength of tone. (Montgomery, 2003, pp.12-13)In conclusion, the withdraw Quartet in D minor, D. 810 is one of the greatest chamber music pieces in the classical repertoire nowadays. After listening to such music, the genius of Franz Schubert cannot be questioned in any way. There is a striking fact that, this piece was not published while the composer was still alive. Anyhow, this essay analysed the poem Der Tod und mouse hare Madchen by Mathias Claudius, the song The Death and The Maiden D. 531 and the second movement of the string quartet D. 810 by Franz Schubert, by exploring mainly harmony patterns and instrumental voice leading.The strong link between the song and each of the variations from the second movement of the string quartet with the poem by Mathias Claudius has been explained. Schubert himself, in an often-cited letter, refers to the String Quartet in A minor, D. 804 and the D. 810 in D minor as well as the Octet D. 803, in a special(prenominal) context I intend to pave my way towards grand symphony in that manner (Bandura-Skoda, 1982, 171). There can be no doubt that the D minor Quartet is really experimental and adventurous, which can easily be in the dimensions of the symphonic format in terms of cyclical form and communicative content.Bibliography1. Bandura-Skoda, E. Branscombe P. (eds.) (1982) Schubert Studies Problems of style and chronology. Cambridge University Press. pp. 1-25, 143-173, 327-347. 2. Brown, C. (2010) Performing 19th- century chamber music the yawning chasm between contemporary practice and diachronic evidence. Oxford Oxford University Press. 3. Montgomery, D. (2003) Franz Schuberts Music in Performance. Compositional Ideals, Notational Intent, Historical Realities, Pedagogical Foundations. New York Pedagogical Press. pp. 65-173. 4. Somervell, A. (1927) Schubert Quartet in D minor and Octet. London Humphrey Milford Oxford University Press. pp. 5-30. 5 . Rink, J. (ed.) (2002) Musical Performance, A Guide to Understanding. Cambridge Cambridge University Press.Discography1. Schubert, F. String Quartets Nos. 13 and 14, Death and the Maiden (Alban Berg Quartet) EMI Classics, Compact disc, 0077774733359. 2. Schubert, F. String Quartet Nos. 10 and 14, Death and the Maiden (Britten Quartet) EMI Classics, Compact disc, 0724357327350.Music Scores1. Schubert, F., 1981, String Quartet in d minor Death and the Maiden D. 810, Eulenberg Edition, Leipzig. Music Score. 2. Schubert, F., 1989, String Quartet Death and the Maiden D. 810, Barrenreiter Edition, Kessel. Music Score.Web-sites1. Claudius, Matthias. Der Tod und das Mdchen / Death and the Maiden. Trans. Emily Ezust. The Lied and Art Song Texts Pages Texts and Translations to Lieder (2007) http//www.recmusic.org/lieder.

Childcare - Orientation Package Essay Example for Free

churl cope Orientation Pack advance Essay approach Child business concern in Ontario Child precaution Licensing in Ontario Role of the Operator The conductor chthonic the solar day Nurseries solve Role of computer architectural planme Advisors The Application Process Planning and Design Guide patron boards for Child Cargon Centres Obtaining a Licence wellness Canada Product Safety Program Duration of Licensing Process Types of Licences Child C atomic number 18 Licensing Web rank Child C be usefulness System Manold get along withrs 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 9 9 10 10 10 11 11.Summary of Licensing Requirements for Day Nurseries constitution and prudence Staff Qualifications health Assessments and Immunization pattern and Group Size felon Reference Checks mental synthesis and Accommodation Equipment and Furnishings Policies and Procedures Playground Requirements Inspections Insurance Requirements free Safety and Emergency Information Health and Medical watch Nutrition 13 13 13 13 14 15 15 17 17 18 19 19 19 20 21 2. Behaviour Management Enrolment Records Program 22 23 23 Summary of Licensing Requirements for Private-Home Day C argon Agencies Organization and Management Numbers of Children Criminal Reference Checks grammatical construction and Accommodation Equipment and Furnishings Policies and Procedures Inspections Insurance Requirements Health and Medical Supervision Nutrition Behaviour Management Enrolment Records Program Health Assessments and Immunization 25 25 25 27 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 31 32 32 33.Conclusion polish of Terms (Appendix 1) Things to Look Into Before Applying for a Licence to Operate a Day Nursery or a PrivateHome Day Care Agency (Appendix 2) Ministry of Children and juvenility aids Regional procedures (Appendix 3) Child Care Service System Managers (Appendix 4) 34 35 36 37 38 3 INTRODUCTION One of the goals of the Ministry of Children and y knocked out(p)hfulness work is to help take hold social and economic development in Ontario by investing in and supporting an affordable, accessible and accountable electric razor care system which helps benefit churlren, their rise ups and caregivers, and the broader community.The early learning and babe care system in Ontario should be accessible, affordable and inclusive care for barbarianren in a safe, nurturing surroundings foster early clawhood development help support early learning and readiness for direct be flexible and come through choice support chelaren and their families provide appropriate standards of child care provide supports for erects in financial need, who are employed, in training, or involved in other employment activities support economic growth, and work in partnership with others involved in Ontariosearly learning and child care system. This Orientation Package has been designed to provide souls who are interested in obtaining a evidence to move either a twenty-four hours babys room ( likewise known as child car e centres) or a private-home day care self-confidence in the Province of Ontario, with practical selective cultivation and advice.The following information is included in this package the process for obtaining a manifest a summary of the licensing requirements to tumbled a day nursery or a private-home day care confidence nether the Day Nurseries comprise a glossary of circumstances (Appendix 1) information to assist you in considering your decision to apply for a certify to operate either a day nursery or a private-home day care fashion (Appendix 2) a list of the Regional Offices of the Ministry of Children and Youth serve (Appendix 3), and a list of the Child Care Service System Managers liable for planning and managing the delivery of child care services throughout Ontario (Appendix 4). 4 kid CARE IN ONTARIO The child care system in Ontario consists of a range of services for families and their children, including pass day nurseries and private-home day care which provide supports to children and their families.The Day Nurseries shape requires whatsoever premise that receives to a greater extent(prenominal) than quin children infra the age of 10 age, not of common parentage (children who adjudge different parents), for temporary care and guidance, to be commissi atomic number 53d as a day nursery. A mortal whitethorn provide informal child care to five children or less under the age of 10 years who are not of common parentage (children who befuddle different parents), in addition to his/her own children, without a permission. This enactment may not be exceeded, regardless of the number of adults present or on site. When a person provides in-home child care at more than one location or co-ordinates the provision of care at more than one site, a licence to operate a private-home day care agency is postulate. It is an dourence to establish, operate or take a day nursery or private-home day care agency without a licence.On conviction, the fine is up to $2,000 for for each one day the offence continues, or imprisonment for a term of not more than one year, or both. Ministry staff wear the responsibility to follow-up on all complaints about child care being provided without a licence. CHILD CARE LICENSING IN ONTARIO The Ministry of Children and Youth Services is responsible for(p) for the Day Nurseries Act and issues licences to operators of child care chopines. There are two types of licensed child care programs day nurseries and private-home day care agencies. In the Day Nurseries Act and in this package, child care centres are referred to as day nurseries. Day nurseries may include nursery schools, full day care, all-inclusive day care, and sooner and later on school programs. 5.Private-home day care agencies arrange or chap home day care at more than one home. Care is provided to five children or less, under 10 years of age in a private residence other than the home of the parent/guardian o f the child. Homes are monitored by the agency. Role of the Operator Operators have responsibility for the operation and solicitude of each day nursery or private-home day care agency, including the program, financial and personnel administration of the program. Operators of licensed day nurseries and private-home day care agencies are necessitate to achieve and maintain compliance with the standards set out in Ontario regulation 262 under the Day Nurseries Act at all quantifys.The Day Nurseries Act and Ontario Regulation 262 are acquirable through Publication Services 777 Bay Street, Market Level, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C8 416-585-7485 or 1-800-668-9938 The Day Nurseries Act is open on the ministrys website at http//www. elaws. gov. on. ca/html/statutes/english/elaws_statutes_90d02_e. htm. Ontario Regulation 262 under the Day Nurseries Act is available online at http//www. elaws. gov. on. ca/html/regs/english/elaws_regs_900262_e. htm37. (1). The Director under the Day Nurserie s Act Child care licences are issued by a Director who is an employee of the Ministry of Children and Youth Services, appointed by the Minister for the office of the Day Nurseries Act. The Director reviews all documents undeniable for licensing, approves and signs the licence.The Director has the authority to refuse to issue a stark naked licence if the applicant or any of the policemans, directors or employees of the applicant are not competent to operate a day nursery or privatehome day care agency in a responsible manner in accordance with the Day Nurseries Act 6 the past conduct of the applicant affords honest grounds for the belief that a day nursery or private-home day care agency ordain not be operated in accordance with the Day Nurseries Act, or the building in which the applicant proposes to operate the day nursery or provide private-home day care does not acquiesce with the requirements of the Day Nurseries Act. In addition, if thither are grounds, the Director ma y refuse to renew or revoke an existing licence. The Director may also issue a direction and temporarily suspend a licence if at that place is an immediate threat to the health, prophylactic or well-being of the children.An applicant or licensee is entitled to a earreach earlier the Licence Appeal Tribunal. Role of Program Advisors Program Advisors, Ministry of Children and Youth Services staff designated under Section 16 of the Day Nurseries Act, are responsible for inspecting day nurseries and private-home day care agencies to enforce licensing requirements. In some regional offices, this position is referred to as Licensing Specialist. Program Advisors are responsible for assessing whether the operator has met the licensing requirements before an initial licence is issued. Unannounced inspections are conducted by Program Advisors for licence renewals on an annual basis or more frequently for a shorter term licences.In addition, Program Advisors conduct unannounced inspections in rejoinder to complaints related to licensed child care programs and to monitor operators who have difficulty maintaining compliance with licensing standards. The Ministry of Children and Youth Services also responds to complaints from the general pertaining to persons who are alleged to be operating without a licence (i. e. caring for more than five children under 10 years of age, not of common parentage, without a licence). The Application Process An individual or corporation can apply for a licence to operate a day nursery or a private-home day care agency. (Licences cannot be issued to partnerships. ) 7Types of operators include an individual corporations (non-profit and for-profit) municipalities community colleges churches, or Bands and Councils of the Band. The prospective operator contacts the local Regional Office (see Appendix 3) to request an coating package and body forth the information required before proceeding with the next steps in the licensing process . Prior to requesting an initial site inspection for a day nursery (a visit to determine if the space is appropriate), the operator submits the completed application form to the Regional Office, as well as written verification from the zoning authority verifying the location is canonical for use as a child care centre detailed radical plans, and detailed site plans of the proposed location.These plans moldinessiness include room measurements, window measurements (actual glass area), location of ameliorate cabinets (counters and retentivity areas) and fenced outdoor playground space dimensions (if required). Please note that effective July 1, 2005, as part of regulatory changes to the Ontario Building Code, all building or renovation plans for a day nursery moldiness be reviewed and sanction by the Ministry of Children and Youth Services prior to a municipality issuing a building permit. It is the operators responsibility to determine whether the location will meet zonin g, building, drive out and health requirements. pen verification moldiness(prenominal) be submitted to the regional office confirming that these requirements have been met prior to a licence being issued. The fee for a new licence is $15 the renewal fee is $10.If a licence renewal is submitted to the ministry after the licence expiry date, the late fee is $25. 8 Planning and Design Guidelines for Child Care Centres This channelize provides information about the planning, design and renovation of licensed child care centres. It is intended to be utilize by persons involved in the site selection, design, and operation of a child care centre in the province of Ontario. This guide is available through the local MCYS Regional office and on the ministrys website at http//www. children. gov. on. ca/mcys/english/resources/publications/be ststart-planning. asp. (Alternately, from the ministrys home page at http//www. children.Gov. on.ca, you can follow the connect to Best Start, then Best Start resources, then Planning and Design Guidelines for Child Care Centres. ) Obtaining a Licence To obtain a licence, applicants essential demonstrate compliance with the requirements set out in Regulation 262 of the Day Nurseries Act in a number of areas including confirmation of compliance with municipal zoning, building, come alive and health requirements the suitability of the building availability of equipment and furnishings conformity with space requirements and playground standards maintenance of staff/child ratios for variant age groups staff qualifications nutrition appropriate behaviour management programming and insurance.Private-home day care agencies must demonstrate compliance with the requirements set out in Regulation 262 of the Day Nurseries Act in a number of areas including staffing and training policies and procedures records of inspections of providers homes availability of equipment and furnishings appropriate behaviour management and insurance. The Program Advisor makes a recommendation to the Director under the Day Nurseries Act about the issuance of a licence based on their assessment of compliance with the requirements of the Day Nurseries Act and ministry policy. The Director decides whether to issue a licence and the type and term of licence to be issued. The Director may add scathe and conditions to the licence. The operator is required to comply with the toll and conditions of the licence as well as the requirements of the Day Nurseries Act and ministry policy. 9Operators must apply for a licence renewal prior to the expiry date of the current licence. Licences may be issued for a flow rate of up to one year if all licensing requirements are met. Health Canada Product Safety Program Health Canada helps cling to the Canadian public by researching, assessing and collaborating in the management of the health risks and safety hazards associated with the many consumer products, including childrens equipment, toys and f urnishings, that Canadians use everyday. Through their Product Safety Program, Health Canada communicates information about juvenile product hazards and recalls to protect children from avoidable risks.Advisories and warnings, juvenile product recall notices, fare recalls and allergy alerts are affix on the Health Canada website. The Consumer Product Recalls webpage can be accessed at http//209. 217. 71. 106/PR/list-liste-e. jsp. Health Canada offers an electronic newsletter so that the public can receive updates when consumer advisories and warnings, juvenile product recalls, and consultation documents regarding consumer product safety are posted on the Health Canada Web site. As a prospective operator, you are encouraged to register on line for this service at http//www. hc-sc. gc. ca/cps-spc/advisories-avis/_subscribeabonnement/index_e. html.Duration of Initial Licensing Process It may take up to 6 to 12 months to open a new day nursery or private-home day care agency depending on a number of factors, including the extent of the renovations, the incorporation of a corporation, the purchasing of equipment, the hiring of a executive program or home visitors, the recruitment of staff, the development of policies and obtaining all required approvals. Types of Licences Regular licence may be issued for up to 1 year if the operator was in compliance with licensing requirements when last inspected. 10 Regular short-term licence issued at the discretion of the Director routinely issued to new licensees ( in general for a period of up to cardinal months) or when more frequent licensing visits are appropriate to support ongoing compliance.Regular licence with terms and conditions terms and conditions are requirements prescribed by a Director and are additional to the requirements of the Day Nurseries Act. They may consult circumstances specific to the operation, such as half day or 10 month service. They may also be in place to minimize the recurrence of a non-compliance, such as uncomplete staff medical records. Provisional licence When Day Nurseries Act requirements have not been met and the operator requires cadence to meet requirements, a provisionary licence (generally for a period up to three months) may be issued. This licence gives the operator a period of time to meet licensing requirements.Copies of a letter indicating that a provisional licence has been issued and a summary of the non-compliances are sent to the centre for distribution to parents. The summary of non-compliances will also appear on the Child Care Licensing Website. Child Care Licensing Website MCYS has launched the Child Care Licensing Website to provide parents with information about licensed child care in Ontario. The site is accessible at http//www. ontario. ca/ONT/portal51/licensedchildcare. A search tool allows parents to search for child care by city, postal code, type of program, age group, program name, operator name and language of service d elivery.The site also provides the status of the licence and the terms and conditions of the licence for any licensed program parents might be considering or about which they might be concerned. formerly a licence is issued, the information appearing on the licence of the program will be available on the website. Child Care Service System Managers The child care system is managed at the municipal level by fortyseven Consolidated Municipal Service Managers (CMSMs) /District 11 Social Services political science Boards (DSSABs). Each service system manager has responsibility for planning and managing a broad range of child care services, including fee subsidy, wage subsidy, family resource centres and special needs resourcing.Prospective operators should contact their local child care service system manager (see Appendix 4) to discuss the need for child care in the area being considered and for information about funding and fee subsidy. 12 DAY NURSERIES ACT unofficial OF LICENSING R EQUIREMENTS FOR DAY NURSERIES Day nurseries are centre-based programs and can include nursery schools, full day child care, extended day and before and after school programs. Organization and Management The operator of the day nursery is responsible for maintaining compliance with the Day Nurseries Act and ministry policy. This includes responsibility for the operation and management of the program and financial and personnel administration. A qualified supervisor who directs the program and oversees the staff is required for each child care centre.This person must have a diploma in Early Childhood Education, or other academic qualifications which are considered same, and have at to the lowest degree two years experience in Early Childhood Education. The supervisor must also be approved by the Director under the Day Nurseries Act. Staff Qualifications The supervisor must have a diploma in Early Childhood Education or like qualifications, with two years experience and must be ap proved by the Director under the Day Nurseries Act. One staff with a diploma in Early Childhood Education or equivalent qualifications must be hired for each group of children. Health Assessments and Immunization Staff immunization/health assessment, as required by the local medical officeholder of health, must be completed before commencing employment. 13.Number and Group Size Number of Staff required for a Day Nursery other than a Day Nursery for Children with Disabilities Ratio of Employees to Children 3 to 10 1 to 5 Maximum Number of Children in a Group 10 15 Group Age of Children in Group child Toddler Under 18 months of age 18 months of age and over up to and including 30 months of age more than 30 months of age up to and including 5 years of age 44 months of age or over and up to and including 67 months of age as of August 31 of the year 56 months of age or over and up to and including 67 months of age as of August 31 of the year 68 months of age or over as of August 31 of the year and up to and including 12 years of age Preschool 1 to 8 16 Junior Kindergarten 1 to 10 20 Senior Kindergarten 1 to 12 24 School age.1 to 15 30 completely children must be superintend by an adult at all times. Ratios are not permitted to be reduced at any time for children under 18 months of age. Ratios are not to be reduced on the playground. 14 Where there are half-dozen or more children over 18 months of age or four or more children under 18 months of age in dish upance, there must be at least two adults on the premises. Staff/child ratios may be reduced to 2/3 of the required ratios during the periods of arrival and departure of children and during the rest period, with the following exceptions when children are under 18 months of age on the playground with any age group. In a full day program operating six or more hours in a day, for the purposes of staffing, the period of arrival is not to exceed two hours after the commencement and the period of depart ure is not to exceed two hours before the closing of the day nursery. In half day nursery school programs and school age programs, the period of arrival is not to exceed 30 minutes after the opening and the period of departure is not to exceed 30 minutes before the closing of the day nursery. Criminal Reference Checks Individuals and directors of a corporation applying for new licences will be required to submit a criminal reference determine to their local Ministry of Children and Youth Services Regional Office as part of the licence application.In preparation for the initial licensing visit, the operator of the day nursery is required to develop a criminal reference check policy for all full and part time staff working with the children, as well as for volunteers. Additional information about the Ministry of Children and Youth Services criminal reference check policy is available from Regional Offices. Building and Accommodation Each day nursery must comply with the requirement s of applicable local authorities i. e. zoning and building department, medical officer of health and flak catcher department comply with the requirements of the Safe Drinking piss Act, 2002, O. Reg. 170/03, where applicable.These provisions scarcely apply to designated facilities with drinking water systems where 15 the water is not provided through service connections with a municipal residential water system. The requirements of this regulation are available from the Ministry of the Environments website at http//www. ene. gov. on. ca/ find/gp/5361e. pdf comply with the requirements for lead flushing and water sample testing (where applicable) under the Safe Drinking Water Act, 2002, O. Reg. 243/07. The requirements of this regulation are available from the Ministry of the Environments website at http//www. ontario. ca/ONT/portal51/drinkingwater/General? docId= 177450lang=en comply with the requirements of the Smoke-Free Ontario Act. have designated spaces for washing, toile ting and separate storage areas for toys, play materials and equipment have designated space for eating and resting, preparation of food if prepared on premises or a food service area if food is catered (prepared off premises by a food catering company and delivered to the centre), a fenced playground (see page 15), storage for beds, a staff rest area and an office area if the program operates for six or more hours have play space of at least 2. 8 comforting metres (30 square feet) of unobstructed blow out of the water space for each child, based on the licensed capacity have separate play act rooms for each age grouping.A separate sleep area for infants is also required have rooms on or below the second floor where the rooms are for children under six years of age have a clear window glass area equivalent to 10% of the available floor area for each play activity room for a program that operates for six or more hours in a day. 16 Equipment and Furnishings Each day nursery m ust have an adequate number of toys, equipment and furnishings for the licensed capacity.The toys, equipment and furnishings must be age appropriate and include sufficient amount for rotation as well as for gross-motor activity in the playground area infant and bambino diapering areas that are adjacent to a sink cribs or cradles that meet the requirements of the Hazardous Products Act, for infants, and cots for older children equipment and furnishings which are keep in a safe and clean condition and kept in a good conjure of repair a telephone or an alternative means of obtaining emergency assistance that is approved by the Director Where children are transported in a day nursery fomite, child seating and restraint systems are used that meet the requirements of the Highway Traffic Act, O. Reg. 613. Policies and Procedures Every operator must develop the following policies and procedures Fire evacuation procedures Sanitary practices Serious occurrence policy, including c hild abuse reporting procedures Criminal reference check policy Medication policy Behaviour management policy, including monitoring procedures and contravention policies 17. Program statement/parent handbook Playground safety policy Anaphylactic policy, including an individual plan for each child with a severe allergy and the emergency procedures to be followed. Playground Requirements Programs operating six or more hours in a day require outdoor play space equivalent to 5. 6 square metres (60 square feet) per child, based on licensed capacity. The playground must be sub-divided if licensed capacity is over 64 children at ground level and adjacent to the premise designed so that staff can maintain constant supervision. If used by children under 44 months of age as of August 31 of the year, the playground must be fenced to a minimum height of 1. 2m (4 feet) and furnished with one or more provide that can be securely closed at all times. If used by children 44 months of ag e and up to an including 67 month of age as of August 31 of the year (children eligible to attend junior and senior kindergarten), the playground is fenced to a minimum height of 1. 2 metres and the fence is furnished with one or more gates that are securely closed at all times, unless otherwise approved by the Director. Fixed playground structures (i. e. climbing equipment, slides) are not required by the Day Nurseries Act however, if the operator intends to install fixed play structures, the structures and safety surfacing must meet current Canadian Standards Association standards. The current Canadian Standards Associations (CSA) Standard applies to new and newly renovated playground equipment, and 18 safety surfacing. The CSA Standards also set out the requirements for routine maintenance and inspections. Playground plans indicating the type and location of fixed structures as well as the type and area of safety surfacing must be approved by the ministry before installation. Once play structures and surfacing are installed, compliance with the CSA standards must be confirm in writing by an independent certified playground inspector before the structures can be used by the children. Inspections Copies of fire and health inspections are to be sent to the Ministry of Children and Youth Services program advisor and kept on file at the day nursery. Insurance Requirements The operator must have comprehensive general liability coverage and personal injury coverage for all staff and volunteers. All vehicles owned by the operator and used for transportation of staff and children must have motor vehicle insurance. Fire Safety and Emergency Information A fire safety plan must be approved by the local fire department. A written evacuation procedure, approved by the fire department, must be posted in each room. Staff are to be instructed on their responsibilities in the event of fire. Monthly fire drills must be conducted and written records of drills maintai ned. Tests of the fire alarm system and fire protection equipment (as required under the Ontario Fire Code) must be conducted and written records of test results maintained. 19. There must be a designated place of emergency shelter. An up-to-date list of emergency telephone numbers including the fire department, hospital, ambulance service, poison control centre, police department and a taxi service must be posted where they can be easily accessed. Medical and emergency contact information for each child must be accessible. Health and Medical Supervision A daily written log that includes health and safety incidents is required. Any instructions or recommendations made by the fire department, public health department or other regulatory bodies must be implemented and recorded. Sanitary practices and procedures must be approved by Ministry. Children must be immunized according to the requirements of the local medical officer of health, unless a fully authorised exemption is on f ile. Before each child begins to play with others, a daily observation of the childs health is required. An ill child must be separated from others and arrangements made for the child to be taken home or for immediate medical attention, if required. Serious occurrence procedures must be in place and the Ministry of Children and Youth Services notified of any occurrence. A serious occurrence includes such things as the termination of a child, a serious injury, alleged abuse/mistreatment of a child, a missing child, a accident on the premises (e. g. fire) or a serious complaint. 20. A written anaphylactic policy is in place that includes A strategy to reduce the risk of exposure to anaphylactic causative agents A communion plan for the provision of information on lifethreatening allergies, including anaphylactic allergies An individual plan for each child with an anaphylactic allergy that includes emergency procedures in respect of the child Staff, students and volunteers ha ve received training on procedures to be followed if a child has an anaphylactic reaction. A first aid kit and manual must be readily available. A written procedure approved by a qualified medical practitioner regarding the giving and recording of medication is required. The procedure should include the storage of medication (e.g. medication must be stored in a locked container). If a child has or may have a reportable unhealthiness or is or may be infected with a communicable disease, this is reported to the medical officer of health as soon as possible. Cats and dogs on the premises must be inoculated against rabies. Nutrition Infants are to be fed according to written parental instructions. Food and drink from home must be labelled with the childs name. All food and drink must be stored to maintain maximal nutritive value. Meals and snacks must meet the requirements of the Day Nurseries Act. Canadas Food Guide provides useful information about nutrition. 21 Meals are to be provided where a day nursery operates for 6 or more hours each day or where the daily program operates less than 6 hours each day and operates over the meal time. This generally refers to the provision of lunch as the mid-day meal. In day nurseries that offer care over extended hours, this may mean that breakfast and/or dinner are also provided. With the approval of a ministry Director, children 44 months of age or over as of August 31 of the year may bring bag lunches. Written policies and procedures with guidelines for bag lunches should be both posted and provided to parents. Menus must be posted with substitutions noted. Childrens food allergies must be posted in the kitchen and in all rooms where food is served. Special dietary arrangements for individual children are to be carried out according to written instructions of parents. Behaviour Management Corporal penalization is not allowed under any circumstances. The following are not permitted deliberate harsh or deg rading measures that would humiliate or undermine a childs self respect deprivation of food, shelter, clothing or provide confining a child in a locked room exits locked for the purpose of confinement. Written behaviour management policies and procedures which guide centre staff in managing childrens behaviour are to be reviewed annually by the operator.The operator is required to review the policies and procedures with employees and volunteers or students before they begin working, and annually thereafter. These policies must set out permitted and prohibited behaviour 22 management practices and measures to deal with any contraventions of the policy. There must be a signed, written record of all reviews, and a written procedure for monitoring behaviour management practices of employees, students and volunteers, and a record kept of this monitoring. Enrolment Records Up to date enrolment records for all children in attendance must be on site at all times and be available to the Ministry of Children and Youth Services. These records include, in part, an application, immunization records, emerg.