Color Blindness and Testing in Children Essay -- Vision Sight Disorder

Color Blindness and Testing in ChildrenIn a world of many technological advances, color perception has become a very important issue. One of the main advances pertains to color technology. An increased emphasis on color technology has raised awareness of the issue of color blindness. some people are not aware of the origins of color blindness and the different types, although many people are affected by it. One in 2 hundred females have this defect while in males the defect occurs in one and twelve ( Lewis, Reitzammer & Amos, 1990). That is about two pct of the female and eight percent of male populations (Sewell, 1983). It is important to look at the prevalence of colorblindness in children and identify the problems associated with it.Color deficiencies can take many forms but are generally group together and known as colorblindness. The different types of color blindness include protanopia, deuteranopia, and tritanopia. Individuals with protanopia grok short-wavelength light as blue, and when the wavelength is increased, the blue becomes less and less have until it is perceived as gray at 492 nm (Goldstein, 1999). Deuteranopia causes a person to perceive blue at short wavelengths and see yellow at long wavelengths with a neutral point at 498 nm. The most rare form of color blindness is tritanopia. These individuals perceive blue at short wavelengths and perceive red at long wavelengths with a neutral point at 570 nm (Goldstein, 1999). Protanopia and deuteranopia are commonly referred to as red-green blindness. These forms of colorblindness are evoke linked the gene responsible is on the X-chromosome, with the dominant gene passed by the mother. With the female (XX), the anomalous locus on one X chromosome... ... Psychology, 14, 196-218.Goldstein, B. E. (1999). Sensation & Perception, fifth part Edition. Pacific Grove, CA Brooks Cole Publishing.Knowlton, M., & Woo, I. (1989). Functional color vision deficits and performance of children on an educational task. Education of the Visually Handicapped, 20, 56-62.Lewis, B.A., Reitzammer, A., & Amos, J.F. (1990). color vision defects what teachers should know. nurture Improvement, 27, 31-33. Pease, P.L. & Allen J. (1988). A new test for color screening color vision concurrent validity and utility. American Journal of Optometry and Physiological optics, 65, 729-738.Sewell, J.H. (1983). Color counts too donnish Therapy, 81, 329-37.Waggoner, T. L. (2000, February 6). New pediatric Color Vision Test for Three to Six Year Old Pre-School Children. Online, Available. http//members.aol.com/nocolorvsn/color5.htm

Role of Galileo with References to book Galileos Daughter Essay

During an important succession in European accounting, Galileo played a key role in the scientific revolution. He challenged widely accepted ideas and gave a new face to philosophy, astronomy and physics. While he was alive, though, he was much more than just a philosopher. Galileo Galilei had warmnesss and values, which were portrayed throughout his life and accurately written drink in Dava Sobels Galileos Daughter. He applied these values in his career as a mathematician and a instructor of physics, in his mania of astronomy and philosophy, in his loyalty to his church and country, and most of all to his daughter, whom he conversed with in the many letters of Galileos Daughter. Unlike most of the history that is read in books, Galileos story is of a real man with real values and faced with very controversial decisions. Some of these controversies involve the clash of his passion of philosophy with that of the most widely accepted Aristotelian teachings. An example of th is is when Galileo looked into his telescope and saw the moon, with its large mountains and deep valleys (31). This discovery proves contrary to what was taught by Aristotle, that the moon was wrought as a perfect sphere. In addition to this, determining how objects accelerate during free fall consumed him for some time. He was known to test his theory by carrying cannonballs up Pisa?s eight story spiral staircase to see if an object?s weight and acceleration during free fall were not connect as he had thought (19). This challenged another one of Aristotle?s teachings, which was that an object?s acceleration was directly proportional to its weight. His most significant controversies involved his passion of science and his loyalty to the Catholic Church. Religion... ...d because it offers a look into the life of a real man in history. Instead of painting a picture of a scientist in the 17th century, it tells the story of a man and his passions and values. Galileo was a man who lov ed mathematics and physics and was devoted to teaching his theories to others. He was a apparitional man who feared the extreme Catholic Church?s power as much as the next European. Still, he wrote his controversial astronomical and philosophical studies down on paper where they would be explored and researched decades after his death. Most importantly, though, the book Galileo?s Daughter portrays him as a man who loved his family, and still made time for his daughter during all of his ordeals. Galileo was not only a man of great influence to science, but also a man with passion, belief and conviction, and this is unfortunately forgotten in most history books.

Catholic Theology Essay Highlights -- essays research papers

*Sense experiences/depth experiences not limited by the empirical data-the really real is not necessarily commensurate to be seen.*Religious Experience (depth experience) Not just a sense experience, an experience that causes people to change, always touches on the other (the transcendent)-that which goes beyond our misgiving (anything that we gouge come up with) (ie..who can really explain the sunset?).*Orthopraxis (Right-practice) The process of doing the right things.*Orthodoxy Believing the right thing.*Sacramental Approach Sacraments use the world most us as a way/event in which we encounter beau ideal The way we do that is being involved with life/experiences in this world-that we argon able to reach paragon in the afterlife (ex eating is a way of being joined w/ God).*The things of this world matter-it becomes the way we reach God on the road to reaching eternal happiness (meeting God).*Foundation Theology/Fundamental Theology Explains what theology is all about.*Theolo gy Faith seeking understanding we need creed 1st before understanding can be reached.*Determining the cannon (cannon of scripture) list of writings that adequately express the assurance of the community.*Apacal literary works didnt make it onto the list (cannon) because they didnt adequately express what the community expressed as far as their understanding of faith.C.Rahner Sees theology as the erudition/study of faith (it has excepted way of doing things).*Theology has a special subject matter the act & content of faith*Act what it means to be a believer/a person of faith*Also sees faith as the goal of theology*We have to have faith 1st (its a gift given to us by God)*Theology doesnt assume faith, it produces it. Theology is a practical science, it impels us to put what we know into action-practice what you preach.*Christian faith is a community based function, not an individual function.*Revelation The historical passing over/on of beliefs (the interpretation of faith).*Cath olic Theology Lives build on faith in God who has been mediated to human beings through Jesus Christ.*Formative Factors in Theology (Macquarrie) where we get our theology from 1. Experience2. Revelation God making himself ... ...esus as the definitive revelation of God in the world.*Christ accepted as the center of the universe and the hope of humanity.*Christ as two the way to realization of full humanity and the disclosure of the true face of God.*Act of faith embraces*Orthodoxy (Creed)*Orthopoiesis (Code)*Orthopraxis (Cult)*Difference between religious faith and primordial faith in the nature of the act of religious faith*Object of religious faith is transcendent and transcendental.*Interior grace first grace, supernatural existential, unrestricted craving to know and love (love doesnt know boundaries)*Exterior grace second grace (based on message for community), Gods revelation in Christ.

Broad-Based Oppositions in Hungary and Yugoslavia :: Communism Governmental Political Essays

Broad-based Oppositions in Hungary and Yugoslavia No two countries in East Central Europe share the same start of Communism. Parallels can be steepn between countries, groupings can be made and put into tiers, and data can be compared. But each country has a unique past which continues to make itself felt in the present day, despite the common direction the countries are taking towards a free market economic system and multi-party democracy. Hungary, for example, has a more westward-leaning tradition than Yugoslavia does. Though their alliance with the Hapsburg Monarchy may have hindered the development of institutions of self-governance and a modern economy, that same tradition with Austria probably also helped it read in the changes of 1989 more swiftly than many of its neighbors. The debate is still going on as to whether the Austrians did more harm than good for the country, but one social function is clear Hungary has enjoyed a far less painful transition than many of its n eighbors, including Yugoslavia. A comparison of the overall transition since 1989 in the two countries lies well beyond the scope of this paper I intend, however, to look at the election systems, the most recent election outcomes and the major political powers in place in Hungary and Yugoslavia and draw some alikeities between the opposition coalitions were formed.In Hungary, all citizens above the age of 18 are eligible to vote. Though there are no debatable language requirements, voters must be in the country on the day of the election in order to participate. Hungarians traveling abroad for business or on vacation are excluded, as are those temporarily living in another country there is no system in place similar to the American absentee ballot system that allows them to cast their vote if they find themselves beyond Hungarys borders on election day. Prisoners and those permanently residing in medical institutions are also excluded. plainly those citizens making a positive and active contribution to society, then, have the privilege of casting a vote. The implication inherent in this law that Hungarians living or working overseas at the time of the election are not making any such contribution.The outcome of national elections for Hungarys legislature is determined by a complex combination of simple majority and proportional representation systems. Of the 386 seats in the unicameral legislature, 176 are chosen from single-member constituencies and 152 are chosen from 20 distinct territorial multi-member constituencies, which follow the administrative county lines (in Hungarian megye, county).

Analysis of Tchaikovskys Swan Lake Essay -- Music Ballet

Tchaikovsky is one of the most popular of all composers. The reasons are several and infrastandable. His music is extremely tuneful, opulently and colourfully scored, and filled with emotional passion. Undoubtedly the emotional temperature of the music reflected the composers nature. He was afflicted by both repressed homosexuality and by the tendency to extreme fluctuations amongst ecstasy and depression. Tchaikovsky was neurotic and deeply sensitive, and his life was often painful, but through the agony shone a genius that created some of the most beautiful of all amorous melodies. With his rich gifts for melody and special flair for writing memorable dance tunes, with his ready response to the atmosphere of a theatrical situation and his masterly orchestration, Tchaikovsky was ideally equipped as a ballet composer. His delightful fairy-tale ballets, Swan Lake, The Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker are performed more than any other ballets. Swan Lake, Tchaikovskys start ballet , was commissioned by the Imperial Theatres in Moscow in 1875. He used some music from a little domestic ballet of the same(p) title, composed for his sister Alexandras children in 1871.Swan Lake tells the story of Prince Siegfied, who sees the Odette, the Queen of Swans, become a beautiful maiden whilst he is out hunting wild swans. She explains that she is under the spell of the wicked magician, Von Rothbart, and is condemned to live as a swan by day, and a human by night. Only when a man swears to love her and no other, forever, the spell will be broken. Siegfried declares his love, but at a ball the following evening, he is tricked into asking Odile, the magicians daughter, to marry him. Von Rothbart makes her look like Odette, but refined in... ...chestral introduction with an imperfect cadence. A strong lilting allegro musical passage, with sequences and descending scales is played by the orchestra, with tympanic membrane and cymbals. The music modulates, and a short, qu iet woodwind passage is then alternated with an orchestral passage with dotted rhythms, creating a terraced dynamics effect. Part B begins with a major clarinet melody accompanied by pizzicato strings. A venial flute sequence follows, and is followed by a repetition of the oboe melody. A string sequence is then played, imitated by the oboe. There is a crescendo, then the rhythmic orchestral melody returns, alternated with a short flute passage. There are suspensions, descending scales and a crescendo, followed by a strong rhythmic passage with the timpani playing on the beat. Imperfect cadences are played, before the piece finishes with a perfect cadence.

Analysis of Tchaikovskys Swan Lake Essay -- Music Ballet

Tchaikovsky is one of the most popular of all composers. The reasons are several and at a lower placestandable. His music is extremely tuneful, opulently and colourfully scored, and filled with emotional passion. Undoubtedly the emotional temperature of the music reflected the composers nature. He was afflicted by both repressed homosexuality and by the tendency to extreme fluctuations among ecstasy and depression. Tchaikovsky was neurotic and deeply sensitive, and his life was often painful, but through the agony shone a genius that created some of the most beautiful of all amatory melodies. With his rich gifts for melody and special flair for writing memorable dance tunes, with his ready response to the atmosphere of a theatrical situation and his masterly orchestration, Tchaikovsky was ideally equipped as a ballet composer. His delightful fairy-tale ballets, Swan Lake, The Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker are performed more than any other ballets. Swan Lake, Tchaikovskys off set printing ballet, was commissioned by the Imperial Theatres in Moscow in 1875. He used some music from a little domestic ballet of the akin title, composed for his sister Alexandras children in 1871.Swan Lake tells the story of Prince Siegfied, who sees the Odette, the Queen of Swans, become a beautiful maiden whilst he is out hunting wild swans. She explains that she is under the spell of the wicked magician, Von Rothbart, and is condemned to live as a swan by day, and a human by night. Only when a man swears to love her and no other, forever, the spell will be broken. Siegfried declares his love, but at a ball the following evening, he is tricked into asking Odile, the magicians daughter, to marry him. Von Rothbart makes her look like Odette, but dressed to the nines(p) in... ...chestral introduction with an imperfect cadence. A strong singsong allegro transportation, with sequences and descending scales is played by the orchestra, with boiler and cymbals. The music modul ates, and a short, quiet woodwind passage is then alternated with an orchestral passage with dotted rhythms, creating a terraced dynamics effect. Part B begins with a major clarinet melody accompanied by pizzicato strings. A electric razor flute sequence follows, and is followed by a repetition of the oboe melody. A string sequence is then played, imitated by the oboe. There is a crescendo, then the rhythmic orchestral melody returns, alternated with a short flute passage. There are suspensions, descending scales and a crescendo, followed by a strong rhythmic passage with the timpani playing on the beat. Imperfect cadences are played, before the piece finishes with a perfect cadence.

Principles of Management (Wal-Mart)

The strengths of Wal-Mart are many. First, it is its gross revenue volume. 200 million people visit 10,800 stores weekly worldwide. Its business model of increasing sales by lowering prices works very well for them. Wal-Mart deals directly with producers from local farmers to major product manufactures. This strategy allows them to secure the lowest prices possible for their customers. Wal-Marts add on chain is second to none. They are constantly exploring more efficient ways to transport products to customers in order to lower prices.Wal-Mart defiantly has one of the worlds most ripe global contribute networks. Variety is key to Wal-Mart. If there is gain ground in selling a product, Wal-Mart does it. With four hundred and sixty six billion in sales for 2012, Wal-Mart is the worlds leading retailer and generates a huge cash flow. This allows them to expand internationally as well as geographically. The grocery variance has grown to account for 51% of sales. Wal-Mart is now the biggest grocer in the country. The pharmacy has grown as well. With four dollar prescriptions, they deliver changed the prescription drug industry.Wal-Mart is the largest private employer in the world with 2. 2 million associates worldwide. Wal-Mart tends to promote from within. Not only does this strategy help retain knowledgeable associates and managers who know Wal-Mart from top to bottom. Even with such warm growth, Wal-Mart still delivers to stock holders. First quarter dividends for 2013 were one dollar and nine cents per share, returning more than 200 million dollars to shareholders. Wal-Mart is a key component in most mutual funds. Wal-Marts size allows it to buy in volumes that no one else can.In general, the higher the volume the lower the price per Unit. By sticking to surface-to-air missile Waltons original business model of lower prices to create higher sales volume, Wal-Mart is a world leader in sustainability and the biggest retailer in the world. W Weaknesses The weaknesses of Wal-Mart include negative press coverage, which is always a weakness in retail. With a company the size of Wal-Mart, small miscues are big news. Wal-Mart needs their customers to have a positive opinion of them so they pass on keep coming back. With overhead the size of Wal-Mart, customers must visit regularly.Wal-Mart operates on a low profit margin. When economic conditions are poor, sales go down and affect Wal-Mart quickly. Wal-Mart buys 40% of the products it sells from foreign sources. Government instability can disrupt, or even dissolve supply to stores. Wal-Mart cannot control how well governments maintain road and ports. Poor infrastructure maintenance slows delivery and can result in lower sales. Instability can similarly have negative effects on currency exchange rates. These weaknesses may not have slowed Wal-Marts growth to date, but they will not be going away. O Opportunities Wal-Mart has many opportunities in the current economy and is in a great pos ition within its industry being very pull to finding opportunities to market new products and finding new ways to market old products in new ways. Wal-Mart online is constantly updated to take advantage of the growing meshing market. Wal-Mart has recognized the global growth opportunity and is aggressively expanding globally in twenty eight different countries. Wal-Mart sees opportunity in its employees. Wal-Mart is a leader in internal promotion.This ensures that Wal-Mart managers are stable and knowledgeable of Wal-Mart as a whole. It is not effective in poor economies. The weather is similarly a constant threat. intemperate weather can close manufacturing plants, roads and stores. Heavy snows in one part of the country can close transportation routes. Destructive storms such as a hurricane can close and even destroy plants and stores. Weather related expenses and sale loss are unpredictable and always a threat. Wal-Mart is the biggest retailer in the world, making it chief ta rget for all competition.Large, existing companies need to cut into Wal-Marts customer base in order to grow. Wal-Marts customers are also being courted by new companies, especially in the internet market place. Social pressure and negative comments is also emerging as an internet threat, and Wal-Mart will have to combat it. With volume the key to success, Wal-Mart must keep a constant visual on the threats to its customer base. Conclusion The outlook for Wal-Mart, based on an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats is great. With 466 billion dollars in sales for 2012, Wal-Marts business model must work for them.

“Analyzing Political Discourses” Theory and Practice

The make use of of metaphors, repetition of lecture and biblical references in Obamas speech of inauguration based on Analyzing governmental dissertates Theory and Practice by capital of Minnesota Chilton Number of Words 2589 Introduction Political discourses are made to impress, persuade and to underline ideas to change a country. Politicians use specialized writers to write for them their discourses or use a lot of time to write one, as policy-making discourses are important for the future verbotencome. For example To be voted by the spate or explain bad situation on an adequate way so that the people dont offended.To achieve this stopping point, some(prenominal) methods are employ. But in this essay I go forth focus on metaphors, the repetition of specified words and the use of Biblical references, use methods stipulation(p) by Paul Chilton in his book Analyzing Political hold forth, Theory and Practice. As experimental territory I employ the inaugural speech of j olly along Obama, which he used for his first seatdidature to become the president of the United States of America. The lecturing by jazz up Obama weed be plunge in the Appendix. My goal is not only to get a line what and how he used the methods but also what goal he tried to achieve.It is important to come some background training and what the people cerebration of him. As for America and other parts in the world, Obama stands for a young ideology, he promises America better healthcare, the end of the War and solutions to some(prenominal) a(prenominal) problems, invariably emphasizing that this goal keister only achieved as a team/ community but does he succeed to give us this look-alike? What tricks did he use? What is a metaphor? Metaphors are used in political discourses to replace words that the audience doesnt want to hear or could react badly. But what is a metaphor?In literary use, a metaphor (from the Greek metapherin rhetorical trope)1 is defined as an indi rect comparison between two or more subjects that are typic completelyy linked by a is a to join the two subjects. As an example we can nurse following sentence This Man is a beast . This is an elliptical form to emphasize the sentence that the Man is like a beast. Paul Chilton is the opinion that, Metaphors, qua models of political realities, as he c every(prenominal)s them, are part of political discourses of straight off and used as vehicles to bring an opinion to a target. 2 We realize now that all of us speak in metaphors whether we realize it or not.For example Mark Johnson, a philosopher, suggests that metaphors not only make our thoughts more vivid and interesting but that they in truth structure and individualize our perceptions and understanding much(prenominal) that each person has a different understanding and thoughts about a common subject. 3 Metaphor is for many people a device of poetic and rhetorical imagination and development rather than the ordinary language, which is wrong as proven above. Metaphor analysis in Barrack Obamas Speech In the following points I will reveal several metaphors Obama used and will try to reveal why he used them.But also the Biblical references used as a metaphor, or as a bridge to transfer his Ideas. 1. CHANGE IS A MOVEMENT Citation out of the Speech 1) Forty-four Americans start now taken the presidential oath. The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still wet of heartsease. 2) The question we take up today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works whether it helps families reign jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward. Where the answer is no, programs will end. In the first citation rising tides and still waters are used as stemma domains, whereas the target domain is the word prosperity and peace. As it can be detectn in the phrases rising tides of pr osperity and the still waters of peace here, the movement is a change of location (rising) or a stationary moment (still). If it involves a movement as change of location, it can be associated with the words forward, backward, upward, downward, etc so different directions and movements. The rising tide of prosperity can be seen as a state of prosperity that has moved and is changing, while peace has still not changed.This movement of which Obama is talking about can also be seen as a flow of natural force (the rising tides) and shopping center (still waters). In the metaphorical expression in citation 2) the part which acts as source is the phrase We intend to move forward and programs will end where Obama is talking about the ideas of the US-government to provide jobs and a better social warranty. 4 In both metaphorical expressions, I think Obama wants to tell us that all presidents of America had taken the presidential oath to develop America.All of their effort had the aim of ra ising economic development and prosperity and that all of these can only be achieved as a nation with a strong political support from the people. So, the WE as a nation, which he uses a lot in his speeches. 2. POLITIC IS A JOURNEY 1) This is the journey we continue today. We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth. 2) Our journey has never been one of short cuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the faint-hearted for those who prefer leisure to work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame.Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things some celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labor, which have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom. In the metaphorical expression of the first citation the part which acts as a source domain is the phrase This is the journey we continue today whereas the focus of the citation is the American Political life. By saying the sentence This is the j ourney we continue today gave me the impression that the American people are compared to travelers having a journey to a certain destination.Even though we know that politics is no journey as such but can be seen as such in a metaphorical way. In the metaphorical expression of the second citation the part that interacts as source is the phrase Our journey has never been one of short-cuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the faint-hearted whereas the target is also the American political life, like in the first citation with another connotation but keeping the idea of a journey in mind. We can see that in both citations have the same idea of a journey which is given to the audience.The idea behind is that the audiences who are involved in political life are like travelers on a journey, with their common need in life seen as the goal of this journey. The political activities and relation is their vehicle used to reach the goal of common interest. 5 3. scriptural REFE RANCES AS A LIFESTYLE The citations I used here are taken again in a separate chapter using the theoretical rapprochement given by Paul Chilton in part III chapter 10. 1)We remain a young nation, but, in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set deflexion childish things. 2) Love is patient, love is kind.It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. Love does not outrage in evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, and always perseveres. Love never fails. In the 1st citation the source domain given is the phrase time has come to set aside childish things where he targets the modus vivendi of the Americans. It gives the impression that the fights they had about political problems are childish and that they should focus to stress a common goal.In the second citation he uses the same idea, again using a citation out of a religious textual matter using as source domain Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It is not rude, it is not self-seeking like before the target is the lifestyle of the Americans which Obama criticizes. It is clear that through these citations Obama tries to reason the population quoting biblical references. Comparing America with childhood and telling them that through love only, again the idea of working together, all goals can be achieved.I wont go deeper into this comparison as I will come back to it later on in the text. Frequency of words To see what words Obama used in his speech frequently and how many times we had to know how many words are in his whole speech, which lies some 2403 words. As such I was able to give the percentage of the most used words. The word Obama laid the most emphasizes is WE which he used 62 times, which can be unsounded as his speech is about working together as a nation and is also a word used in his sloga n Yes WE can. Other words he used frequently are6 KeywordRepeatsDensity Nation 12 0,50 New 11 0,46America 9 0,37 Today 7 0,29 People 7 0,29 The repetition of these words sticks with the listeners as such the listener will always remember this words and will combine them with the discourse of Obama. As for mind manipulation it is the repetition that stays in our mind. 7When we are learning or looking at advertisements or when we are learning a song, we always repeat them until we know them by heart. In the case of marketing the advertisements are kept easy and shown more than one so that they stick in our minds and when we have to choose between two product we will chose the one we know or that we can remember of.The same is in political discourses. The more often it is repeated the more we will remember them and believe them. In Obamas case using the words Nation, New etc he tries to underline the idea of cheek in the United States and that it can only work as a NATION. As all pres idents the repetition of AMERICA, motivates the American listeners and they feel directly talked to, strengthening also the bond between the people and the nation. Paul Chilton underlines in his book that discourses often use a container concept, which is created by the words used.This container ideology is divided in 3 structures in interior and a exterior which are defined by a boundary which are formed in political discourses to a container- nation with political borders given by the speech. As such it is able for politicians to give the fault to others, outside of the container while securing the interior of the container. Analysis of Biblical references Apparently it is general in American political discourse to employ biblical language8, which is an inherent part of the old American public way of speaking.However, given that Obama is a non-traditional and big(a) candidate for president,9 it is even more interesting to analyze the biblical references he used and give possibl e explanations why used following citations for his speech. We remain a young nation, but, in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things. Obama quoted here, the New Testament, 1 Corinthians 1311, dealing with St. Pauls letter to the church in Corinth.The goal he tried to achieve of this particular example is to also aims at the Muslim, Jewish, Hindu and non-believing Americans, to include them too into the speech, for it is a text that is usually read at wedding ceremonies and is not specified to one religion specifically, as it speaks about true love in the following carriage Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes an always perseveres.Love never fails. (1 Corinthians, 134) When I was a child, I talked like a child, I thought like a child, I reasoned like a child. When I became a man, I put childish ways behind me. Now we see but a poor reflection as in a mirror then we shall see face to face. Now I know in part then I shall know fully, even as I am fully known. And now these three remain faith, hope and love. But the sterling(prenominal) of these is love. (1 Corinthians, 1311) These Letters were written by St. Paul to the church in Corinth in the times of internal struggles and divisions in the church, and when the church was hreatened by immoral influences border the community. St. Pauls letter was a letter of criticism and implorement to the Corinthians to stop the arguing and fighting around different problems and embrace, what he called, the most important sexual abstention love. 10 The choice of this particular biblical reference could be perceived as Obamas attempt to spread the ideology of love loving thy neighbor so that the American people can embrace a notion of racial i nclusiveness and ideological smorgasbord, necessary in the time of economic and international crises.Again we can find the idea of a WE. Conclusion It is now obvious that Paul Chilton theory can be applied. We can see that it is the play together of the different methods and many more make a discourse unique and manipulative. But it is important to know in which context the discourse has been written as the context can change the words, emotions and message in a political discourse. In Obamas speech we can find the concept of pragmatism, liberalism, inclusiveness, acceptance of religious and ethnic diversity and unity. As such the result of keywords of his run for presidency.This is shown by the prominent words employed by Obama nation, new and America, and a overall dominance of the personal pronoun We understood as necessary in the time of national peril The results of the biblical references, which Paul Chilton explains as only way to motivate and capture Americas population, ha ve shown that Obamas choice of citations (quoting the Corinthians) was to strengthen the notion of unity and brotherly love among the various members of the American diverse society. As such we can see that his methods were well used and can be found by the methods of Paul Chilton.Obama stands for his candidature through his speech and ideology, world wide as a new wind for America that will rebuild and strengthen the country. And we have to remember that Obama is the first president that has been accepted as young and black person as president. Sources Primary source Analyzing Political Discourse, Theory and Practice, Paul Chilton, Routledge, 2004 Bibliography Article Discourse Society January 1993 vol. 4 no. 1 7-31 Metaphor in Political Discourse The Case of the Common European House by Paul Chilton and Mikhail Ilyin Moral Imagination Implications of Cognitive Science for Ethics, University of Chicago, 1993. Secondary Sources University of Louisville, Article by Judith D. Fisch er http//www. law. louisville. edu/node/2720 Online Document, Critical Discourse Analysis by Juraj Harvath https//docs. google. com/viewer? a=v=cachej-4vhWbO6a8Jwww. pulib. sk/elpub2/FF/Ferencik2/pdf_doc/6. pdf+=de=lu=bl=ADGEESgDn7GSv6cJcZ6acGq5vk-rpp0mNE_qyGy5vUUCMEdg4d1M9efiWLiSgl3CRzYChNf3gQkZQ-saUZib0C5oBU-XVpDkee3pDul94RL3VlIR6nWc4j-OIJTNBkD9oZuSmxh4ybhM=AHIEtbRfcX_PIha4KZfnvwVFTzxPnRNSDA Obama, the lion in Winter ttp//www. exec-comms. com/blog/2009/01/20/obama-the-lion-in-winter/ -5 Speechwriting Lessons from Obamas Inaugural Speech by Andrew Dlugan http//sixminutes. dlugan. com/inauguration-speech-analysis-barack-obama-inaugural/ Online Document A Critical Discourse Analysis of Barack Obamas Speeches By Junling Wang https//docs. google. com/viewer? a=v=cacheHzMPBXpzbW8Jojs. academypublisher. com/index. php/jltr/article/download/0103254261/1807+=de=lu=bl=ADGEEShaYaCyse11UxuFQk1KY0Zb0oOh15Ng1vgnuIdLSpdkL4Ia5nqoDh1DV-aO46J-bKQV9Fyfc3mz1MrZ5VTIrAnm85bmHXzt4cJZgNLYXFeuExE4wl1-S jUvUuEWd78WR0jiI5aV=AHIEtbT3Yd_sOMwtzg1_LtcSsaQh2FbYGw Wikipedia article about metaphors http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Metaphor visited on 21 November 2012 St Pauls Letters http//biblescripture. net/1Corinthians. html Apendix The whole speech of Obama can be found on BBC http//news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/americas/obama_inauguration/7840646. stm 1 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Metaphor, visited on 21 November 2012 2 Paul Chilton, Analyzing political discourses, Page 49 3 Moral Imagination Implications of Cognitive Science for Ethics, University of Chicago, 1993. 4 Obama, the Lion in Winter http//www. exec-comms. com/blog/2009/01/20/obama-the-lion-in-winter/ 5 Paul Chilton, Analyzing political discourses, Page 51 6 Statistics taken out of Critical discourse analysis by Juraj Harvath (controlled by myself again) 7 A Critical Discourse Analysis of Barack Obamas Speeches By Junling Wang 8 Paul Chilton, Analyzing political discourses, Page 174 9 Obama, the Lion in Winter http//www. exec-com ms. com/blog/2009/01/20/obama-the-lion-in-winter/ 10 St Pauls Letters http//biblescripture. net/1Corinthians. html

Importance of Ignatius of Loyola Essay

In the year 1491, the future founder of the Jesuits was born in northern Spain. He would soon be known as Saint Ignatius of Loyola. By the time that he was fifteen he was already interested in to religion. When he got old he became a soldier. He would end up crushing his leg in date by a cannon ball in the battle of Pamplona. Ignatius would soon go to college to be a teacher. And he achieved that goal. He would soon invent the Jesuits who were priests that would teach and go on missionaries. Ignatiuss goals were to become a reinforced church and to bring people back to Catholicism. He would soon accomplish it. Ignatius in recite to become a strong again, you must have culture to do that. That is when his uncanny exercises came into affect. He would teach the priests and the priests would teach the students. He would also create a constitution, so that everyone would stay good. And in 1556 he would be set(p) to rest.Ignatius of Loyola was important because, he founded the Jesuit s, that would soon put their focus on education and missionary work. Ignatius founded the cabaret of Jesus in 1540 these members would soon be known as the Jesuits. The Jesuits were a group of priests that believed education was key to being successful. Ignatius was so high on education that every Jesuit had to be trained to be a scholar and clerics in case someday they would take over the Catholic Church (Simon 105). Ignatius wanted the Jesuits so well educated that he started his own initiate for the Seminarians since there were no Universities with high enough academic standards (Simon 105). Seminarians are professors that teach students. Ignatius of Loyola taught the Seminarians through his spiritual writings. So Ignatius decided that he would build a college that would encounter his standards in grammar and human relations that is when he founded the Roman College in February 1551.He also had as some as 300 students sign up for the college the next year, and in 1552 Loyola also established the German College (Dalmases 355). Loyola does this so that he can show that the Jesuits are a good order of monks. He is trying to scotch more people to come and join the Jesuits. Ignatius made the Jesuits go to school for ten years before they could go and teach. They also had to go to mass at one time a day and were required to listen to seminars that were spoken in Latin. Loyola did this so that when they went turn up to be professors they were equipped with the right cognition and they would know what they were doing.Ignatius did such a good job of educational activity his students that people heard about them around the world. The Jesuits were so well known, that universities and schools recruited them. They ended up taking over the teaching in many universities teaching (Simon 105). The Jesuits liked to teach so much that by the 1600s they had over eighty percent of the Jesuits being teachers. Therefore, Ignatius is an important man because of his worki ngs in education and his beliefs that knowledge is an important aspect in the Catholic Church.Another contend that Ignatius of Loyola is important is through his missionaries. Missionaries are people who are send out to preach about what they believe in and try to get people to switch to their religion. In order to become a Jesuit you had to be willing to do what you told by your superiors. All the missionaries had to go to class to learn about what theyare to preach about (Broderick 904). Part of Ignatius inspiration was his vision of the Society as carrying out the mission of Christ to defend and extend his kingdom throughout the world (Meissner 211). Loyola had the missionaries go to many foreign areas such as Africa, Asia, India and many other countries.On of the best-known missionaries was Francis Xavier who traveled all around the East. Loyola knew so well what he was doing that by 1749 he had 3,276 people out being missionaries teaching about the Jesuits. That is one-seventh of the Jesuits. The Jesuits had such good missionary work that that they break throughout five continents (Broderick 904). Ignatius and the Jesuits had one of the best orders, he not only send missionaries around the world but he started orders that stayed in the countries and preached about the Jesuits and converted them over to the Catholic Church. Thus Ignatius of Loyola wanted to create a dominant order that would bring Catholicism back to order.The second point that makes Ignatius of Loyola important are his Spiritual writings, he did this by writing the Spiritual Exercises and brass. Loyola started writing the Spiritual Exercises aft(prenominal) the battle of Pamplona. He started writing the book in 1521 and ended the book twenty-seven years later in 1548 (Lewis 578). Once the book was finished was printed out and used by all the Jesuits.The first week in concentrated on with the sinful condition of man and the three other are interpreted up with the consideration of the l ife of Christ His hidden life and public life, His Passion, Resurrection, and Ascension (Lewis580). They would be told how to use the Spiritual Exercises. The way that they taught the Exercises were that they needed to give the students a summary explanation on what they were learning about. This would help the students to remember the material easier. Therefore, Ignatius made the Spiritual Exercises so that the Jesuits could learn and improve the knowledge of the Christ.The last reason that makes Ignatius of Loyola important was the Constitution. Ignatius created the Constitution after he founded the Jesuits in 1540. The Constitution is made up of a series of laws that consist of obedience, loyalty and respecting the Pope. When Ignatius set up the Constitution he knew that there would be changes in society and that the laws couldnt staythe same. So in 1558 the General Constitution made the law that you can aline or modify the law, as long as there is no disagreement with Papal law (Ignatius 276). The Constitution ended up traveling complete the world with the missionaries and would set the standard for the Catholic Church. Consequently, Loyola wrote the Constitution so that if you became part of the Catholic Church that you would have to the follow the rules that were set. He also wrote them because if you wanted to be a Jesuit you needed to act in an orderly fashion.Ignatius founded the Jesuits and they would soon put their focus on the education and missionaries. Ignatius also was important through his spiritual writings he did this by writing the Spiritual Exercises and Constitution. This is why Ignatius of Loyola was important because, he not only founded the Jesuits in 1540 but he emphasized on education. He was so interested in education that he started universities. The Jesuits were a major contribution in education around the world. Ignatius of Loyola thought that they needed to spread Catholicism, which is when he sent Jesuits on Missionaries. He w ould finally get job done by creating orders of monks around the world. He also has contributed the writings of the Spiritual Exercises and the Constitution. The Jesuits for knowledge and discipline look upon these two books.Works CitedLewis, J. Spiritual Exercises. stark naked Catholic Encyclopedia. 1967.De Dalmases, C Saint Ignatius of Loyola. New Catholic Encyclopedia.1967.Meissner, W.W. Ignatius of Loyola. New Haven Yale University Press1992.Simon, Edith. The Reformation. New York Time-Life Books, 1996Ignatius. Ignatius of Loyola. Trans. George E. Ganass. New York PaulistPress, 1991.

To Kill A Mockingbird: Childhood Experience Essay

A kid or a teenager who has experienced perhaps a family death or witnessed a terrible event might become more mature because their experience made them more mature. In To Kill A mocker by harpist Lee, Jem and pathfinder grow and mature through experiences.In To Kill A flouter by Lee Harper, outlook and Jem grow and mature through experiences with whoosh Radley. When she passed the Radley house for school, Scout felt sorry for snort. I sometimes felt a twinge of remorse when passing by the old put, at of all time having taken part in what must imbibe been a sheer torment to Arthur Radley (Lee 324.) Scout had matured overflowing to know what they had done to try and exceed with Boo, had quite possibly been torment. She felt almost ashamed of their antics. After Bob Ewell had attacked Scout walked Boo back to the Radley house. genus Atticus was right. One time he verbalize you never really know a person until you stand in his shoes and walk around in them. Just standing on the Radley porch was enough (374.)Scout had always wondered what kept Boo in the house, and now that she had walked around in his shoes a little bit she started to understand more. Jem took the verdict of the drop back hard, and Scout struggled to understand. Naw, Jem, I think theres just one kind of folks. Folks. If theres just one kind of folks, why burnt they get along with each separate? If theyre all alike, why do they go out of their way to despise each other? Scout, I think Im beginning to understand something. I think Im started to understand why Boo Radley stayed shut up in the house all this time. Its because he wants to (304.) A part of growing up is realizing that the worlds not a pretty place and not everyones a nice person. Jem realized this with the outcome of the run, he knew the verdict was unjust and Tom was convicted guilty simply because of peoples racial prejudice. Jem wonders why and how they could have done it. He thinks about it and instead of using a silly childs story as to why Boo stays in the house, he starts to think that maybe this injustice in the world is the reason why Boo stays in the house. He thinks that maybe Boo wants to stay in the house because he similarly thinks the prejudice and unjust views of society are unfair and discriminatory.In To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee, Jem and Scout grow and mature through experiences with Tom Robinsons trial. After the verdict of the trial, Jem is angry at the injustice. It was Jems turn to cry. His feel was streaked with angry tears as we made our way through the cheerful crowd. It aint right he muttered (284.) Jem knew that Tom was innocent, he also knew that everyone else knew he was innocent, yet because of their racial prejudice, Tom was convicted guilty. Jem sees this injustice and is greatly upset by it. Jem had matured enough to know its not right when the majority of the adults there didnt and Scout just brushed it hit. The trial led to Jem maturing and knowing p eople arent always good people. Scout, fell Maudie, and Aunt Alexandra were given the news about Toms death while Aunt Alexandra was hosting a tea party. After all if Aunty could be a lady at a time like this, so could I (370.) Instead of throwing a temper tantrum or pouting and crying, like a kid her age might, Scout decides to act with maturity and dignity, just like Aunt Alexandra and Miss Maudie and return to the tea party. After the Bob Ewell attack, Atticus negotiation to Scout about what happened. Scout, He said. Mr. Ewell fell on his knife. Can you possibly understand? . . . Yes sir, I understand, I lulld him. Mr. Tate was right. Atticus disengaged himself and looked at me. What do you base? Well, Itd be sort of like shootin a mockingbird wouldnt it? (370.) Scout, still a young child, was mature enough to understand the situation and reassure Atticus, who was probably under a lot of strain and stress that night. Also by using the analogy its sort of like shootin a Mocking bird Scout shows she paid attention to Atticus and Maudie when they told her that shooting mockingbirds is a sin.In To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee, Jem grows and matures through life experiences. Scout tried to fight Walter because he made her start off on the wrong foot at school. Come on home to dinner with us Walter he Jem said Wed be glad to have you (30.) Scout angry at getting in trouble, childishly tried to fight Walter. When Jem got her off of him, Jem invited Walter to eat lunch at their house with them. Jem understood why Walter couldnt afford lunch and wanted to help him. After the trial Dill, Jem, and Scout dress down Miss. Maudie. There should have three little ones. It was not like Miss. Maudie to forget Dill, and we must have shown it. But we understood when she cut from the big cake and gave a slice to Jem. (288.) The trial is when Jem lost his innocence of childhood, his coming of age in a sense. In a way, he killed a Mockingbird because mockingbirds are innoc ent, and the trial killed Jems childhood innocence. Miss. Maudie knows this, hence why Jem gets a slice from the big cake, the adult cake. He had matured past, his own little cake, unlike Scout and Dill. Scout finds Dill under her bed after he ran away from his parents in Meridian. Jem was standing in a corner of the room looking like the double-crosser he was. Dill I had to tell him, he said. You cant run three hundred miles off without your mother knowin.(188.) While Scout would have kept it quiet, and kept her friends secret, Jem was mature enough to know that nobody knowing where Dill was was dangerous and scary. He knew it was irresponsible of Dill and that he should tell Atticus and did. Jem didnt do it to tattle he did it for Dills safety, like a mature adult.Scout and Jem grew and became more mature through the things they experienced, they used possibly bad experienced and learned how to act maturely from it. A part of growing up and coming of age.

Art and culture of Orissa Essay

Orissa boasts of a rich and vibrant cultural heritage naturally caused by a long storey of different rulers of varied cultural and artistic inclinations. Further confluence of racial streams has also enriched the art, craft and destination of Orissa in no uncertain terms. Orissa is particularly storied for its brass work, silver work, terracotta art objects and appliqu work, besides its unique handloom.The farming of Orissa, India, makes for an interesting study. Situated along the Bay of Bengal coast, Orissa is an Indian state that exemplifies the unique and commendable conk out of ancient glory and modern initiative. Orissa is a place where nature unfurls her one of the most beauteous aspects. Unsullied beaches, rivers, gorgeous waterfalls and majestic hills all contribute in accentuating the appeal of the state as a popular tourist destination. The culture of Orissa also generates considerable interest among both the domestic and the foreign travelers.Orissa is largely coars e and the traditional values that are still retained form an integral aspect of the Orissa culture. Orissas strategic geographical location has engendered the assimilation of the culture of the Aryans and the Dravidians. The culture of Orissa can very well be described as an Indo-cultural synthesis.Orissa art and craft constitutes a major portion of the culture of Orissa. The art of Orissa underwent myriad changes and is a product of a number of assimilations and imbibitions. Orissa is known for its sand arts, Patta Chitra, Palm Leaf Paintings, Jhoti, Chita and Muruja. The Orissan artists are unsurpassed in their skill.Orissa boasts of a glorious tradition of dance and music. The figurines of dancers and musicians gracing the walls of the quaint temples in Orissa speak volumes about the rich musical heritage of the state. Odissi music is the classical art that has imbibed the elements common to the Hindustani and Karnatik music. The Odissi dance, Chhau Dance, Mahari dance, the jatr a, pala and Daskarhia comprise of an inextricable part of the culture of Orissa. Thesacred environs of Lord Jagannath temple, the eroticism of Konarks Sun temple, the wondrous caves of Jainism, the mystical monasteries of Buddhism, the paintings of folklore and the weavers magic all stand as meek evidences of an eloquent past and continuing golden present of Orissa.FAIRS AND FESTIVALSBesides celebrating the important festivals like Dusshera, Durga Puja, Diwali and Holi, Orissa also has its own share of numerous festivals celebrated with laugher and vivacity. The most prominent Puri festival comprises of Rath Yatra, Chandan Yatra and Devasnana purnima. While the Puri Beach festival is a fun lovers fest, the Konark Dance festival marks a befitting tribute to the magnificent Sun temple at Konark.

My Educational Philosophy A Reflective Comparison

each pedagogue has the lower limit of five old ages of experience. In comparing my educational doctrine in which I have gain through their old ages of experience. I go forth besides contrast their doctrine along side of my ain. At manus thither are assorted diverse constructions in doctrine utilized in our program line construction today. It is non unnatural to separate extra doctrines integrated in a school or schoolroom environment. While incorporating the assorted educational positions in the schoolroom, unrivaled would be obliged to hold construction of their schoolroom community. An person who enjoys learnedness will invariably prevail to develop their comprehension and acclimatise with the changing era.PhD Elise Kirchoff an pedagogue of 25 plus old ages in instruction has the assurance, creativeness and valor individualizing has she would show her instruction manner. She conceptualizes in being convenient in order to be lissome towards each pupil acquisition demands. PhD Kirchoff besides considers mortal true deep down our school territory instructors contain a kind of freedom in their academic professionalism when it extends to choose on methods of direction and developing lessons. Meaning it every(prenominal) depends on the territory 1 may work for. As clip goes by each coevals instruction, adopting potency does vary. The instruction manner educated in the early 80 s is most likely infective in today s schoolroom. PhD Kirchoff agrees in non being prepared on holding to acquire throng control ( Kirchoff ) . Though in the methods of subject in maintaining a schoolroom orderly focused and respectful she replied, have zero tolerance in schoolroom breaks would maintain the lesson traveling.With 30 old ages of learning experience PhD Kirchoff feels NCLB has non aided in her ability to learn, it has footing an surplus in paper work as an option. However throughout her old ages of learning she has come to appreciate the diverseness of legion pupi ls and how each pupil acquisition demands are inimit equal to(p). There are no cooky cutter lessons for particular need pupils.Jason Keller with 10 old ages of learning experience nine old ages in physical instruction while one twelvemonth in particular instruction. Keller Teachs in the BIC unit ( behavioural unit ) he based his replies toward his course of instruction. He based entirely on the unit for the design of, when I set up the interview he was merely able to reply as a particular instruction instructor non has physical instruction instructor in which he has 9 old ages of experience. That said Keller s personal strengths he finds particularly helpful in learning is to be unhurried and understanding. The pupils who are placed here have utmost emotional, behavioural jobs non including their disablements. Keller describes his instruction manner geared toward positive support instead than ensue and hit oriented, to a greater extent advancement and betterment based. In compari ng to PhD Kirchoff, Keller besides deems on the belief of holding the freedom to academic methods of direction and developing lessons.Both feel the same about NCLB, how it has non made their occupation as pedagogues any easier. Merely it has been a load of paperwork. Where they experience the clip is wasted on alternatively on category direction.Jessica Morales five old ages of schoolroom direction, Morales finds strengths particularly helpful in her instruction describe as, willingness to neer give up. When feeling overwhelmed, one needs to be able to stay unagitated and take a deep breath. Her teaching manner is flexible a manner to suit to all her pupils demands. In pull dispatch her to be flexible for the diverseness of each of her pupils it takes some work, though she feels the more that she gets to cognize her pupils, the easier it becomes. It will neer be wholly easy, but you will larn to suit your pupils.In comparing to these fantastic pedagogues my educational doctrine I would depict as being able to intrust the instruction and development to every pupil in malice of cultural or cultural background or economic position. However, my educational doctrine encloses by wrought of legion make in trusting on my philosophic foundation to assist me construct both content and teaching method. It is of import to hold strong beliefs, grounded in exit theory to steer our teaching.A It is every bit imperative to go on unfastened minded to innovative tendencies and techniques that may advance our students.AIn naming an educational doctrine motionless it will non be eligible it alters with clip and apprehension, and I will persistently copy, detect, and filtrate what I believe and why I believe it. As I gain knowledge my doctrine will alter, take a few things out or taking a few things in. A Among these changes I am unfastened to anything and my positions will be flexible and as unfastened to sentiments as I can be. A When I tell my pupils to woolgather, drive for the stars, I am stating they can suppress a new end each new twenty-four hours, and so I will hold succeeded in my schoolroom. As an pedagogue I have seen the impact on pupil s lives as their instructor the positive influence we have towards them to go redeeming(prenominal) function theoretical accounts in society. We as instructors and students to the system learn something every twenty-four hours. I anticipate bring forthing a affecting experience within my pupils whereby they develop comprehension, include an optimistic ego regard and connubial motivation.A The apprehension they attain will be nonsubjective oriented and syllabus driven.A The manner I achieve this will fluctuate intrusting on the eccentricity of peculiar category and the pupils in the category. Finally, professional development is compulsory for whichever instructor who obtains unremitting self betterment. A I am non merely an pedagogue I am facilitator in the instruction development and supply a positive function theoretical account to society. A I contain an digesting answerability to magnify my comprehension of both capable affair and sophistication, and to invariably re-examine my proceedings and course of study in chemical reaction to a continuously altering environment.As an educationist I need to be enthusiastically attentive of the place I participate in a pupil s existence.A Life suggestions an incomputable district of educational duties, each forcing personal growing and extended cognition with each individual.A As a instructor, I need to be a supple to the character that validates an unqualified, reliable blessing of all my pupils and invariably petitions to help an instruction that counterparts each individual.A In my schoolroom, I will show a secure, an environment which encourages a regard of persons self construct and larning style.A Many have an of import input to suggest to this world.A In any considerateness I will help pupils in their hunt of their individuality immediate to the extended ends of instruction.

Guitars: the History, Types, and Influence

Ariana Kecskes Mrs. Densmore English 9/10 March 11, 2013 Guitars Guitars have been around since the Renaissance. In the late 1400s, the classical guitar was created. This instrument was known as an outcast, never being played in concerts. Later on, the Spanish guitar was created the early versions of this were known to have a unique sting layout because they had four sets of twain strings. In the 1500s a fifth set of strings were added to this guitar.Well into the 1500s, the guitar began to be played in performances. This made guitars more famous, and caused better and improved designs to be made. many an(prenominal) people began to play the guitar, including Benjamin Franklin and Andrew Jackson. Finally, in the 1850s the modern design for an acoustic guitar was made by C. F. Martin. In the 1800s, many modern design of guitars evolved from the Italian and French models. People invented new techniques of playing the guitar including, playing and tuning all at once.In the late 1800s, Orville Gibson began building arch top guitars. Over 78 pace guitars were made in the year, 1900. The 20th century was a very prosperous time for the guitar. Manufacturers began making steel-stringed guitars which are popular today. In 1931, the first electric guitar was created they called it The fry Pan, due to its round shape. However, electric guitars were not popular until 1936, when Gibson made a famous electric model, the ES-150.Later on, guitar crafters made the Solid Body Guitar, because of bad reports on their previous models. Fender created The Broadcaster in 1949, which was the first largely produced guitar. In 1952, Gibson created the popular Les Paul. Fender and Gibson both went on creating guitars almost as in a competition. By the 1960s, the guitar was fully matured. Gibson produced another electric guitar model in 1961, the ES-335. This was a semi-hollow body guitar.. The Strat and the SG were very popular guitars, especially in the 1960s.

Macro environment and business operations Essay

The macro- milieu consists of larger societal forces that affect entire micro- surroundings. The six forces making up the troupes macro-environment include demographic, sparing, natural, scientific, political/legal, and social-cultural forces. Companies essential constantly watch and align to the merchandising environment in nine to seek opportunities and ward off threats. The commercialize environment comprises all the actors and forces influencing the friendships ability to discharge logical argument effectively with its target market (Armstrong and Kotler 2003, p.149). In this report, use PEST to analyze macro-environment forces how to impact on PepsiCo in china. As we know, the PepsiCo was the first U.S. company to distribute its convergences in mainland China after China carry out reform and opening up policy in 1979. Through many years business summons in China, the company fully understands their development worldwide must adapt Chinas macro-environmental diver se forces and must put into utilisation their topical anestheticization strategy Think local, Act local.In this report, by serious study and literature review, with refer to relevant books, journals, search entropy from internet. First, the companys ground is being showed. Followed by macro-environment impact on trade activities of PepsiCo in China and macro-environment forces on PepsiCos marketing activities, finally, cardinal conclusion is presented.Our conclusion that the best point of intersections and engineering science may fail to meet with acceptance in markets around the world because of lack of local macro-environmental aw arness.In economic world(a)ization, all companies must identify, analyze, and monitor outside environmental forces and assess their current and potential impact on their business activities. Jobber (2001) declared distinctly that macro-environment consist of a number of broader forces that affect non only the company but too different actors in the microenvironment. These can be grouped under demographic, economic, social-cultural, political-legal, natural and technological forces.According to Kotler and Keller (2005), in the demographic environment, marketers must be aware of worldwide population growth, changing mixes of age, ethnic composition, educational levels and the move to micromarketing and away(predicate) from mass marketing. In the economic arena, marketers need to focus on in suffer distribution and levels of savings, debt, and credit availability. In the social-cultural arena, marketers must understand peoples views of themselves, organizations, monastic order, nature and the universe. They must market reapings that correspond to societys force and secondary values, and address the needs of different subcultures inwardly a society.In the natural environment, marketers need to be aware of raw genuines shortages, increased energy courts and pollution levels, and the changing role of governments in e nvironmental protection. In the technological arena,marketers should take account of the accelerating pace of technological change for innovation, varying R&D budgets, and the increased governmental regulation brought astir(predicate) by technological change. Finally, in the political-legal environment, marketers must work within the many laws regulating business practices and with various redundant-interest groups.In this report, use PEST to analyze macro-environment forces how to impact on PepsiCo in China impart be presented. Through many years business operation in China, the company understands their development worldwide must adapt Chinese macro-environmental various forces and must put into practice their localization strategy Think local, Act local.2.0 COMPANY PROFILEPepsiCo was founded in 1965 through the jointure of Pepsi-Cola and Frito-Lay. Tropicana was acquired in 1998 and PepsiCo merged with The Quaker Oats Company, including Gatorade, in 2001. PepsiCo is a world l eader in convenient victualss and beverages, with 2006 revenues of more than than $35 billion and 168,000 employees.PepsiCo presence in China dates back to the earlier days of the nations reforms. In 1981, Pepsi-Cola became one of the first American investors in China by signing an agreement with the Chinese government to build a bottling plant in Shenzhen. To date, PepsiCo has established more than 40 joint or wholly owned ventures in China with a total investment over US$1 billion, directly employing 10,000 staff (Official website of PepsiCo).MACRO-ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ON MARKETING ACTIVITIES OF PEPSICOIn analyzing the macro-environment, it is important to identify the factors that might in turn affect a number of vital variables that are likely to influence the organizations supply and motive levels and its costs. A PEST compend is one of them that is merely a framework that categorizes environmental influences as political/legal, economic, social/cultural and technological for ces. Such external factors usually are beyond the firmscontrol and sometimes present themselves as threats. Use PEST tool to analysis macro-environment influence on PepsiCo in China is necessary.The political-legal environmentBefore you play the game, learn the rules. Some business people exhibit a remarkable lack of knowledge about marketings political-legal environment. Ignorance of or noncompliance with laws, ordinances, and regulations can lead to fines, embarrassing negative publicity, and possibly expensive civil damage suits. As a foreign company, PepsiCo intend to invest in Chinas beverage industry which is tightly controlled and fount to government approval. According to Chinese governments regulation, a saucily bottling plant currently requires about three-year wait for government approval, and concentrate intersectionion volume must be re-authorized annually.In addition, PepsiCo has a global strategy of TV advertising, PepsiCo has included e very(prenominal)thing from Chinese zodiac animals to Spring Festival couplets in its television commercials. This approach, combined with relatively long advertising history in the clownish has made Pepsi Cola the nigh recognized soft- drinkable leaf blade in China. However, governments policy and regulation can also impact on the companys market strategy. Being a communist country, in China, although people now are very much free of expression in ordinary breeding, there is lock up no free media. The media is still very controlled by the government and there is always the risk of having more regulations especially to foreigners.The economic environmentThe wellness of the thrift influences how much consumers spend and what they buy. Consumer purchase plays an important role in the economys health-indeed, consumer outlays organize up some two-thirds of overall economic activity. According to Boone and Kurtz (n.d.), economic environment consists of those factors that influence consumer buying power an d marketing strategies. They include the stage of business cycle, inflation, unemployment, resource availability, and income. As we know, Chinas economy grew at an averagerate of 10% per year during the period 1990-2006, the highest growth rate in the world. However, Chinese inflation ran at 5.3% for the second consecutive month in August in 2006, according to authorised figures. PepsiCo has already met great challenge because inflation is a general rise in price resulting in decreased purchasing power. splashiness will increase the companys costs like expenditure to purchase materials for production, and may lead to declining sales.Marketers of PepsiCo understood clearly that inflation will cause consumers to react in two ways1). Decrease their brand loyalty. In a recent research, most Chinese consumers are willing to use cheaper brand, and honesty, because it works just as well.2). Stockup. umteen consumers take advantage of coupons and sales to well-worn up (Hair et al. 1992 , p.52).In addition, income is other important factor in marketings economic environment because it influences consumer buying power. The price of the product has to be affordable however there should be a bounty that consumers are willing to pay for the health benefit as well as for the modern and higher(prenominal) status image it will offer. The risk here is to fail in selling the value of the product and to set the premium to be higher than consumers are willing to pay.The social-cultural environmentComponent of the marketing environment consisting of the relationship between the marketer, society, and its culture. Doing business in China successfully requires an perceptiveness of China as a nation and of the culture of the Chinese people. A societys culture determines how it members communicate and interact with separately other (Griffin & Pustay 2003, p.85). A nations culture can impact on foreign countrys products and service. In China, many people are very interested in soft drinks. A result of this has been growingrates of obesity both Chinese adults and children. Due to Chinese culture, it is necessary that what they drink offers some benefits to their health. Nowadays, more and more Chinese people have already pay attention to obesity problem. If soft drinks can not visit healthy, although increasing their market share, this is the risk the PepsiCo have to flavor.In addition, an understanding of the cultural practices in both the business and social environments is essential for being successful when doing business with Chinese companies (Patworks LLC. 2003). Initially when PepsiCo entered into Chinese market, the company has already lost some business opportunities in China because they anticipate the Chinese people do it my way. The Chinese culture is long established and does not adapt quickly. For example, doing any business in China will require duologue of contracts, prices, and terms, etc. The negotiation ferment in China, compared t o Western standards, will be very slow and deliberate. One difficulty in negotiation with Chinese companies is knowing what means no. Culturally, saying no directly is seen as rude and unacceptable. Many times when the company hears we will consider it, it really means no.The technological environmentThe technological environment represents the application to marketing of knowledge based on discoveries in science, inventions, and innovations. Major developments in applied science can have enormous marketing implications because they can drasti tendery alter industries. Despite the technological insure of this new product, the development stage of such innovations is lengthy and complex. Company must often gamble on technology to attain success, and many companies have gambled and lost.PepsiCo had spent millions of dollars working on growing salad vegetables market to ready food chain in China. Technically the venture was sound-the infrastructure was set and the product was of hig h quality. The company had even arranged a machine to process and packages the fresh vegetables to give them a shelf life of two weeks, therefore opening up the Chinese market. However, the quality of the companys marketing did not match that of thetechnological planning stages. The fast food chain chosen not to buy the inventory and the company had nowhere to off-land its vast quantity of ripe vegetables- it had lost its markets.4.0 MACRO-ENVIRONMENT FORCES ON PEPSICOS MARKETING ACTIVITIESAs mentioned above, in business arena, one of the difficulties facing marketing managers is that environmental forces are generally beyond their control. trade organizations must try to adapt changing environmental conditions. Not only can environmental prospect become threat environmental threat can also become opportunity (1989, p.55). Marketers must chastise various macro-environmental clash and barriers between Chinese macro-environment and international business.The political-legal enviro nmentLaws and regulations affect all aspect of marketing operation and decision making-designing, labeling, distributing, advertising, and promoting goods and services. The management of PepsiCo get windd that major regulation has already impact on their marketing activities. To cope with the vast, complex, and changing nature of the political-legal environment, many larger companies maintain in-house legal de fall apartment like PepsiCo. In addition, as a foreign company, marketers must comply with Chinas laws and regulations, however, noncompliance can stone a companys reputation and hurt profits.Marketers should take steps to control forces in political-legal environment. PepsiCo has invested intemperately into adapting its operations and business strategies to the local culture and practice. It currently has 24 bottling joint-ventures indirectly through two Hong Kong-based companies that it part owns and maintains a strong market presence through partnerships with the Chinese government and domestic companies. PepsiCo has established its Asia-Pacific furnish in Shanghai running its operations for many countries.The economic environmentCompanies must scan, monitor, forecast, and assess the health of economies outside their host nation because nations are interconnected as a result of the global economy.Inflation rate is currently reaching to 5% in China, inflation pressures consumers to collect more economical purchases. PepsiCo should realize that despite what happens to the sells cost, the buyer is not going to pay more for a product than the value he or she places on it. When the economy is characterized by high inflation, a series of special set tactics are often necessary. Marketing managers should develop an effective cost-forecasting system and use prevenient pricing. According to Hair et al. (1992), these tactics can be subdivided into cost-oriented and demand-oriented.Cost-orientated tactics consist of delayed-quotation pricing and escalator pricing. Delay-quotation pricing is a very popular pricing tactic that price is not set on the product until item is either finished or delivered. Demand-orientated pricing methods include price shady and increasing demand through increasing selected demand, unusual offering, and system selling.As we know, the Chinese people are still to well-off life and their income are not very high. The pricing strategy is a very important part of the marketing mix, because it can affect both supply and demand for a company such as PepsiCo. Therefore the companys pricing strategy must adapt economic environment. One of the most important price factors of PepsiCo is customers affordability. If the price is too high, consumers will spend their money on other goods. As a multinational company, it always must appeal to Chinese consumers, especially in the era of globalization. The company have had adapt to the local economic environment in order to success. almost Chinese can afford an occasional soft drinka can of Coke cost RMB1.90($0.24) in Shanghai forthwith. Due to rationality of Cokes price, their products currently reach about 60% of Chinas population.The social-cultural environmentThe social-cultural environment is made up of institutions and other forces that affect a societys basic value, perceptions, preferences, and behaviors. Product decisions are also affected by cultural variables. As mentioned onwards, more and more Chinese people have already focused on obesity problem. If soft drinks can not consider healthy, this is the risk the PepsiCo have to face. So, PepsiCo decided to carry out a feasible solution that dress calorie intake from soft drinks.At the same time, PepsiCos decision-making for product and service should also consider local customers purchase habits. It will also reflect a nations culture. For instant, the Chinese like hot, noncarbonated soft drinks with nature ingredients or herbs that they believe are good to humankind health, in particu lar, they like hot teas. Tea is so popular in China that people call it Tea Culture. PepsiCo realized Chinese peoples drinking habits, then they introduced Lipton Tea quickly, a line of noncarbonated drinks through cooperate with local partner. PepsiCos long-term strategies of localizing production promote their market share.In order to avoid lost opportunities and bring about misunderstandings, businesspeople have to realize anothers cultural background. Understanding manners and customs is especially important in negotiations. If the company anticipate the Chinese people do it my way, they will lose more chances. China has a unique culture that dates back to thousands of year, combined with the factor of about 60 years ruling of communist unilateral totalitarianism. Foreign business people and companies should try to adapt quickly. Consequently, you need learn do it their way.The technological environmentTechnological trends are circumstantially important in identifying marketi ng opportunities. These trends include new directions in research and development (R&D) that might lead to new products or even to new industries (Assael 1990, p.72). For the experience of failure in new product development the company remains undaunted, they plan to return to the fast food market with salad vegetables. This time, the company promises it willnot forget the importance of inventory. PepsiCo fully understand that in the low-margin soft-drink business, one of the key competitive advantages lies on the efficiencies in every aspect of business process, from procurement of raw and semi-finished material to inventory management, from production planning to material requirements planning, from distribution to service, etc.As the leader in this industry, PepsiCo knows how critical role information technology plays in its success. In fact, it has a long history of employing advanced information technology to support its direct-store-delivery business model and management. In China, PepsiCo China use Enterprise Resource proviso (ERP) implemented by UFIDA.Moreover, PepsiCos ultimate weapon in maintaining its market leadership is look into and Development. Since product formulations are kept as trade secrets most of the patents are related to technology that supports beverage industry. PepsiCo will use its patents to increase its market share in each and every market it serves R &D delivers true value to coke consumers worldwide.The key areas of technologies where most of the patents filed are Packaging, Vending Equipment, Fountain Equipment, Water intervention and alternative refrigeration technologies. In China technologies related to water treatment and vending equipment will come handy in gaining market share. The company will also be forced to develop new technologies for Chinas country specific use. Several new technologies will be used in designing and packing new products. Research and Development will also try to add local herbal products to ad d more energy to the drink and give a local flavor to the product. Research and Development will use a small-scale bottling system to test bottling runs of new product. It will make sure that the new drink can be produced and bottled in a massive scale. PepsiCo will also take its testing of new product on road and test it in various regions of China to make sure that it will be acceptable in all regions of China.5.0 CONCLUSIONMost films face external environment that are highly turbulent, complex, and global-conditions that make interpreting them increasingly difficult (Ireland and Hitt 1999, p.43). In todays complex and rapidly changing environment, marketing managers need use PEST analysis to make effective and timely decisions. Understanding one nations macro-environment diversity that could positively impact your business relationship is the key to success in this country. The PepsiCo is a good example in this report.The PepsiCo entirely understands Chinas various external envir onments, consumers behaviors and practices that localization is their long-term market strategy. As Porter (1985) stated the importance of analysis the macro-environment every industry has an underlying structure or set of fundamental economic and technical characteristics. The strategist must learn what makes the environment tick. It can be concluded that the best products and technology may fail to meet with acceptance in markets around the world because of lack of local macro-environmental awareness. angle OF REFERENCEJobber D. 2001, _Principles and Practice of Marketing_, tertiary edn., McGraw-Hill Publishing Company.Philip Kotler and Kevin Lane Keller 2006, _Marketing Management_, 12nd edn., Pearson Prentice Hall CompanyPepsiCo 2006, viewed 26 July 2007, .Louise E. Boone and David L. Kurtz n.d. _Contemporary Marketing plus_, 8th edn., The Dryden Press.Joseph F. Hair, Jr. and Charles W. Lamb, Jr. and Carl McDaniel 1992, _Principles of Marketing,_ South-Western Publishing Compan y, p.52.Ricky W. Griffin and Michael W. Pustay 2003, _International Business A managerial Perspective_, 3rd edn., Pearson Education Inc., p.85.Patworks 2003, Doing Business in China, viewed 27 July 2007, .Eight Ways to Avoid Marketing grogginess, _Sales & Marketing Management,_ April 1989, p.55.Henry Assael 1990, _Marketing Principles & Strategy_, The Dryden Press, p.72.R. D. Ireland and M. A. Hitt 1999, Achieving and Maintaining Strategic Competitiveness in the 21st Century the Role of Strategic leaders, _Academy of Management Executive,_ p.43.Michael E. Porter 1985, _Competitive Advantage Creating and Sustaining Superior_ _Performance_, Free Press.Gary Armstrong and Philip Kotler 2003, _Marketing An Introduction_, 6th edn., Prentice-Hall Publishing Company, p.149.

The Heckscher-Ohlin Model

1. The Heckscher-Ohlin set The Heckscher-Ohlin model is a mathematical model of the international trade and its balance. It is established upon the theory of David Ricardo for the competitive advantage and it strives to holler the arrangements of the international trade and proceeds, which are based on the capacity of a given country to trade. Its nubble consist in the statement that the countries that produce, will be exporting the goods, which manufacturing persona their plentful and cost-competitive factors and will import goods that use the scarce factors of the country.Here we are talking about the factors of production, which are the land, labour and capital. Their abundance or their neglect defines in which products the country has a competitive advantage. Meaning that they have advantage for producing those goods, for which the necessary factors and inputs are profuse in the country, therefore it is cheaper to produce them loc eithery and export them instead of impor ting them.We can give the manakin of country like Belgium here the proletariat and the land factors are not abundant, therefore the goods that require for the production those factors will be imported, because then it will be more cost effective. And vice-versa, because in Belgium there are a lot of engineers, technicians and it is rather well technologic whollyy developed country, it will be more advantageous to export goods, which require for their production those abundant factors for ex. computers, IT etc.2. Criticism on the H-O model & Leontief Paradox in that location is much criticism upon that model therefore Im going to state the most important of it here * The little prophetic power of that model, which was a critic by Bernstein and Weinstein, who claimed that the H-O model and its factor endowments of each(prenominal) country are not a reliable forecast. * The identical production function the H-O model rent that the production functions are corresponding for all the countries that are involved in the international trade. But its an unrealistic statement, because even between the most developed countries the competition is determined from various factors like applied science etc.* In the H-O model, the capital is by definition assumed as consistent, identical and transferable to any form, since the capital goods may have many forms. There is no explanation how the capital is measured. So all this leads to a controversy around the concept of homogenous capital. * The unemployment factor is excluded from the model, which makes it really unrealistic. * The assumption that all firms are identical, because all the countries have the same production function is another weak point of the model.* The H-O model was support by politicians, because it gave them an excuse for restriction upon the immigration lows at that time. * Probably the most significant criticism is called the Leontief Paradox. Mr. Wassily Leontief conducted an econometric test in 1954 of the implication of the H-O model in the US. And he found out that nevertheless the US was a country rich on capital it still was exporting mostly goods for the production of which the labor factor was decisive or labor intensive goods. And they were importing products, produced in countries with abundant capital as well or capital intensive goods. This paradox proves that the H-O model is not taking into account all of the necessary factors in order to be more accurate and applicable to any given country.3. repartee by H-O The main response was that the model has been further developed and extended in order for it to be more realistic. Thus by taking into consideration new features, factors and variables in the international trade (like tariffs for ex.) the predictive power of the model has been increased. The three scientists that contributed the most for those ameliorations are Paul Samuelson, Ronald Jones, and Jaroslav Vanek.

Polaroid Strategy

For quite some time, Polaroids telephoner decoct was bit cameras. They were a hit, as many could see their pictures immediately. Further, the catchy song lyrics Shake it like a Polaroid Picture helped spread the brand name to multiple populations. As digital cameras became popular over time, Polaroid confounded concentration on their main selling point instant photography. However, Polaroid believes that this wise decade is the time to bet their instant cameras with a revised mission and fresh set of values and visions.Current Mission To come in the latest cutting edge technology in the peoples hands and give them the king to use it comfortably, affordablyand in an instant. Polaroids mission has always revolved slightly node convenience and peacefulness of technology. Their forte, instant film, remains a legacy in the company. By associating their products with reasonable prices, comfort, and mainly dynamically uninterrupted innovations, Polaroid has been ingrained as a top brand in the eyes of their customers, especially amateurs.However, in lieu of current market trends, it is now time for Polaroid to revise this mission to include the following aspects and values * see to it More than just a product, the new Polaroid cameras allow for serve as an experience to its customers. Through instant gratification and social networking movements, the company opens up to allow the redefined PIC-1000 model to include multiple features. * Compatibility Polaroids new plan emphasizes consistency with their old models. The new PIC-1000 will be compatible with traditional film.Retro-Futurism The company attempts to abuse back in time and bring back an old, vintage styled camera with a modern twist. * Enthusiasts Polaroid is expanding their steer market to more than just the amateur. They plan to spice things up with Creative Director, Lady Gaga, and attract to the passion-driven enthusiasts in the art and fashion communities who unequivocally want the Polar oid experience back. Vision Polaroids vision serves as the model for their marketing plan and guides every aspect of their business by describing what they need to accomplish in hallow to achieve sustainable, quality growth.This includes focusing on the needs of their customers, consumers, and partners. In addition, this improved vision pinpoints the following company values leadership, diversity, quality, passion, accountability, integrity, and collaboration. Goals An overall goal includes expanding Polaroids market to younger photographers, while also appealing to honest-to-god generations with more familiarity with the companys cameras.The following are specific short and long-term goals Short-term go far new markets, specifically the art and fashion communities * Reduce postage costs with more distribution centers around the world * Present the new technology at consumer electronic shows * Publicize innovative products in discordant advertising media, for example Engadget a nd Popular Science magazines * Widely distribute products in many retail stores for lenient access to customers* Regain participation in community promotions, such as in the corporate sponsorship of motorsports long-run Gain a large percentage of the niche photography market * Re-establish their iconic instant imagination * Create a legacy * Form licensing deals to extend the brand into new market segments * Provide customer satisfaction and fulfillment * Be a top-ranked player in the photography industry * Maximize put on and return to shareowners while being aware of responsibilities * Offer a social networking Movement for consumers to share and honor Core Competencies and Competitive AdvantageAs a pioneer of instant photography, Polaroid has a leg up on other competitors. They have a patent that allows for product protection and brand equity. Through oftentimes research, development, and devotion, these so-called purists have created a unique image and legacy that has stoo d the test of time. Some points of differentiation to split up Polaroids products from the masses are its vintage quality, ease of use, instant gratification, and retro niche appeal.The companys competitive advantage in instant imaging is made possible through its partners and supporting industries, the handiness of skilled researchers, and the current demand for artistic products in the marketplace. Polaroid will work to form strong bonds and relationships with distributors and suppliers, which will in turn satisfy their customers needs most fully.

Bullying Essay

The monkey nut gallery may not directly bully the victim, but by standing on the sidelines plentiful their attention to the actions they encourage they bully. Even though I am not a bully, I cook been part of the peanut gallery that makes bullying an even worse situation. The peanut gallery are students that fire make a positive change to impede bullying. As students, we fire take action to stop bullying in our schools and I exact some ideas to make this happen. I and a group of students would give one week at the beginning of the school year to hold an anti-bullying campaign called cock Beatdown. The strut Beatdown campaign would raise awareness to the issues of bullying. For the campaign kick-off, I would hold a rally for students to share their person-to-person stories and experience with bullying. I would invite a counselor or a psychologist specializing in anti- tender behavior to accost at the rally about the effects of bullying. The person could train students on a nti-bullying tactics. During the Bully Beatdown campaign, I would have students perform skits acting out different bullying scenarios and ways they can stop bullying such as befriending a victim of bullying.To promote my campaign, I would pass out information flyers and pamphlets, buttons, and signs to post end-to-end the school in bathrooms, gyms, lunchrooms, and hallways. Another feature of the campaign will have students sign a social contract agreeing to not participate in bullying of any kind, to stand up for the victims of bullying, to not be a bystander to bullying, and to traverse bullying to teachers or a responsible adult. I would create an organization called Bully Guardians which is a community of students who act as a support network for students targeted by bullies.The students who were spectators to bullying can become a Bully Guardian. Many students are afraid to report bullying haps they observe because they powerfulness become targets themselves. I would crea te an Anonymous Email System for those students who dont want to report an incident in-person to a teacher or the principal. The student could send an email explaining the bullying incident they saw or encountered. After the campaign kick-off, I propose that each month schools devote a day to bully awareness and to report on the progress theyve made to stop bullying. I believe my plan of action is practical and easy to implement in schools.

Advantages of Online Shopping

Advantages of online shop Online obtain is neighborly round the clock. You buttocks bargain for whatever you want even at 3 a. m. in the morning. You can choose from a wider variety of occasions available for you to shop which may not be available in the topical anaesthetic brick and mortar stores. You also hand the benefit to do all from the comfort of your own home. When you demoralise from online store you have the comfort to take your time while checking for the things of your choice, this will lead you to a simple and quick look to perform price comparison unlike the dissatisfied and hurried shop you do in the local stores.In addition, unlike local stores, you can avail discount coupons and get a thing at a lower rate when shopping online. Besides, when shopping online you can also avoid recollective lines to wait in and the unnecessary contact with cranky people. If you feel uncomfortable dragging your kids for shopping, online shopping is the scoop direction to co unter that. Most of us ar sometimes concerned with private shopping online shopping offers you a great platform to do so with comfort. Also, when you are buying gifts, online mode is the perfect way to send your distant friends or relatives the gift you wanted to send.When it comes to payment, you can use anyones credit card when shopping online. A lot of us are concerned closely the identity theft when hear about online shopping. Identity theft cases take place in reality in brick and mortar store itself and not online. Websites are secure these days with powerful encryption procedures that keep your identity safe and secure. Although t here(predicate) are a few where your information may not be secure, you can take a composed breathe when dealing with the vast majority of online shopping website.Consider websites that offer free shipping and this is definitely the way to go. As the price of gas is increasing, shipping and handling might be cheaper anyway. Disadvantages of onlin e shopping Although online shopping is 24/7 available, you cannot feel or touch items rather can just see what is present on a webpage whereas in brick and mortar stores you can see numerous things at a glance and buy after you feel or touch the product. As the term suggests, online shopping is only possible through with(predicate) the internet, therefore, the connection speed matter a lot here.Unlike conventional stores which dont close unexpectedly, online stores incurs frequent malfunction. The most park grumble people have with online stores is regarding warranties and some sort of guarantees, which they fail to offer in most cases. Apparently, these would recall nothing if the online store went bankrupt. Similarly returns are also very much difficult on online stores than in local stores. It very normal that many online stores dont accept cash or checks, although some sites do, you still have to use the credit cards.When purchasing online, billing errors are the common thin gs you may encounter whereas in local stores these errors are nearly impossible. The very big disadvantage an online website may have is the credit card earnest issue, despite the fact that how secure the website claims to be, you can not always trust them. There have been many cases where people realized that their credit card number has been stolen and has been used by others. The bottom line is, online shopping is the ultimate solution people are finding today, but conventional stores are still here to stay.

Should Prisoners Be allowed To Vote Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Should Prisoners Be allowed To Vote - assay ExampleMark Harper, the Minister for Constitutional and Political Reform in 2010 stated that offenders who be sentenced slight than four years pull up stakes possess right to vote in United Kingdom. These prisoners can sprout active participation in European Parliament Elections. However if the judge considers this kind of participation to be inappropriate then it can be eradicated while making the sentence. In overall place setting though there has been new laws implemented regarding voting rights of prisoners just now it still needs to be incorporated passim the system (Rozenberg, 2011). There are judicial officials who state that such form of rights initiate leniency in custodial sentence of a prisoner. On the contrary, the term democracy maneuvers that every individual shall be tending(p) their fundamental rights. Right to vote is one of the basic human rights which cannot be differentiated in context of an individual or a pr isoner. From 1870, law was formed that restricted a prisoner from participating in European Parliament Elections. Successive governments in United Kingdom has sustained the particular position in relation to an individual breaking societal contract followed by imprisonment, will not be considered in line for voting in any elections. This is a logical perspective as giving equal rights to prisoners will create more chaos in a region. However living in a democracy means every individual possess basic right, irrespective of their colour, creed, race, ethnicity, etc. The justifications given by politicians or judicial authority can be contradicted by stating that an individual involved in electoral hypocrite can be given a sentence by court (Easton, 2009). This sentence can indicate removal of voting rights for a fixed time period. Politicians being indulged in the procedure results into irrational moves. They are not focused on crime committed by prisoners while eradicating their rig ht to vote but politicians are more inclined towards